Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stundōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *stundō (“point in time”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈstun.dɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*stundōną[1]

  1. to start, initiate
  2. to strive
  3. to pause, tarry

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *stundō *stundǭ — *stundōi ?
2nd singular *stundōsi *stundōs *stundō *stundōsai *stundōsau
3rd singular *stundōþi *stundō *stundōþau *stundōþai *stundōþau
1st dual *stundōs *stundōw — — —
2nd dual *stundōþiz *stundōþiz *stundōþiz — —
1st plural *stundōmaz *stundōm — *stundōnþai *stundōnþau
2nd plural *stundōþ *stundōþ *stundōþ *stundōnþai *stundōnþau
3rd plural *stundōnþi *stundōn *stundōnþau *stundōnþai *stundōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *stundōdǭ *stundōdēdį̄
2nd singular *stundōdēz *stundōdēdīz
3rd singular *stundōdē *stundōdēdī
1st dual *stundōdēdū *stundōdēdīw
2nd dual *stundōdēdudiz *stundōdēdīdiz
1st plural *stundōdēdum *stundōdēdīm
2nd plural *stundōdēdud *stundōdēdīd
3rd plural *stundōdēdun *stundōdēdīn
present past
participles *stundōndz *stundōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *stundōn
    • Old English: *stundian
      • Middle English: stounden, stunden
      • ⇒ Old English: āstundian
    • Old Saxon: *stundōn
    • Old High German: *stundōn
  • Old Norse: stunda

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*stundōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 383
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