Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wraistijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Verbal formation related to Proto-Germanic *wristuz (“wrist”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈwrɑi̯s.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*wraistijaną[1]

  1. to wrest, twist, turn

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *wraistijō *wraistijaų — *wraistijai ?
2nd singular *wraistīsi *wraistijais *wraistī *wraistijasai *wraistijaisau
3rd singular *wraistīþi *wraistijai *wraistijaþau *wraistijaþai *wraistijaiþau
1st dual *wraistijōs *wraistijaiw — — —
2nd dual *wraistijaþiz *wraistijaiþiz *wraistijaþiz — —
1st plural *wraistijamaz *wraistijaim — *wraistijanþai *wraistijainþau
2nd plural *wraistīþ *wraistijaiþ *wraistīþ *wraistijanþai *wraistijainþau
3rd plural *wraistijanþi *wraistijain *wraistijanþau *wraistijanþai *wraistijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *wraistidǭ *wraistidēdį̄
2nd singular *wraistidēz *wraistidēdīz
3rd singular *wraistidē *wraistidēdī
1st dual *wraistidēdū *wraistidēdīw
2nd dual *wraistidēdudiz *wraistidēdīdiz
1st plural *wraistidēdum *wraistidēdīm
2nd plural *wraistidēdud *wraistidēdīd
3rd plural *wraistidēdun *wraistidēdīn
present past
participles *wraistijandz *wraistidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *wraistijan
    • Old English: wrǣstan
      • Middle English: wresten, wrasten, wræsten
  • Old Norse: reista, *vreista

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*wraistjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 471
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