Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/awéidō

This Proto-Hellenic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hellenic

Etymology

Unknown. Related nouns such as *awoidós (“singer”), *awoidā́ (“song”) suggest a Proto-Indo-European root *h₂weyd-,^[1] but no cognates in other Indo-European languages are known.^[2] Compare, however, Albanian ëzë.

According to Calvert Watkins, Sanskrit वाद (vāda) may be cognate, from *h₂wed- or *h₂weyd-. Julius Pokorny has *au̯ed- (“to speak”), IEW, p.76. See also αὐδή (audḗ). See also Sanskrit उद्यते (udyate, “to be said or spoken”), the passive form of वद् (vad).

Verb

*awéidō

to sing

Inflection

^[3]

Present forms of *awéidō

Active

infinitive			*awéidehen
participle			*awéidonts
	singular			dual			plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
indicative	*awéidō	*awéidehi	*awéidei	awéidowos, awéidowes, *awéidowen	awéidetes, awéidetos, *awéideton	awéidetes, awéidetos, *awéideton	awéidomes, awéidomen	*awéidete	*awéidonti
subjunctive	*awéidō	*awéidēhi	*awéidēi	awéidōwos, awéidōwes, *awéidōwen	awéidētes, awéidētos, *awéidēton	awéidētes, awéidētos, *awéidēton	awéidōmes, awéidōmen	*awéidēte	*awéidōnti
optative	*awéidoyə	*awéidois	*awéidoi	*awéidoiwen	*awéidoiton	*aweidóitān	*awéidoimen	*awéidoite	*awéidoyen
imperative	-	*áweide	*aweidétō	-	*awéideton	*aweidétōn	-	*awéidete	*aweidóntōn
Middle/Passive

infinitive			*awéidestʰai
participle			*aweidómenos
	singular			dual			plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
indicative	*awéidomai	*awéidehai	*awéidetai	*awéidestʰa	*awéidestʰon	*awéidestʰon	*aweidómestʰa	*awéidestʰe	*awéidontai
subjunctive	*awéidōmai	*awéidēhai	*awéidētai	*awéidēstʰa	*awéidēstʰon	*awéidēstʰon	*aweidṓmestʰa	*awéidēstʰe	*awéidōntai
optative	*aweidóimān	*awéidoyyo	*awéidoito	*aweidóiwetʰa	*awéidoistʰon	*aweidóistʰān	*aweidóimetʰa	*awéidoistʰe	*awéidointo
imperative	-	*awéideho	*aweidéstʰō	-	*awéidestʰon	*aweidéstʰōn	-	*awéidestʰe	*aweidéstʰōn

Imperfect forms of *awéidō

Active

	singular			dual			plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
indicative	*éaweidon	*éaweides	*éaweide	*eawéidowe	*eawéideton	*eaweidétān	eawéidomes, eawéidomen	*eawéidete	*éaweidon
Middle/Passive

	singular			dual			plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
indicative	*eaweidómān	*eawéideho	*eawéideto	*eawéidetʰa	*eawéidestʰon	*eaweidéstʰān	*eaweidómetʰa	*eawéidestʰe	*eawéidonto

Descendants

Ancient Greek: ἀείδω (aeídō), ᾄδω (āídō) — Attic, except in Aeschylus
- → Esperanto: aedo

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀείδω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 23
^ Andrew L. Sihler (1995) “Part VI: Conjugation”, in New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, 1st edition, New York, N.Y., Oxford: Oxford University Press, published 1995, →ISBN, pages 461, 462, 514

[1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀείδω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 23

[3] Andrew L. Sihler (1995) “Part VI: Conjugation”, in New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, 1st edition, New York, N.Y., Oxford: Oxford University Press, published 1995, →ISBN, pages 461, 462, 514

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