Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰwer-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Root

    *dʰwer-[1][2][3]

    1. door

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰwer- (48 c, 0 e)
    • *dʰwṓr ~ *dʰurés[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰwor-o-[12][13][14][15][16]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dwára (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Celtic: *dworā, *duros
        • Proto-Brythonic:
          • Middle Breton: dor
          • Cornish: dor
          • Old Welsh: dor
            • Middle Welsh: dor
        • Old Irish: dorus
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰwā́ram
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dwā́ram
        • Proto-Iranian: *dwara (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic: *fworom
        • Latin: forum (see there for further descendants)
        • Umbrian: 𐌚𐌖𐌓𐌖 (furu), furo
      • Proto-Tocharian: *twere
    • *dʰwor-eh₂
    • *dʰwōr-eh₂ (innovative collective)[17]
    • *dʰur-éh₂ (collective)[10]
    • *dʰur-o-m
    • *dʰúr-m̥ ~ *dʰwor-m̥
    • *dʰwor-es-tus (innovative)[14]
      • Proto-Celtic: *dworestus (see there for further descendants)
    • Unsorted formations:
      • Indo-Iranian:
        • Iranian:
        • Nuristani:
          • Kamviri: [script needed] (du)

    References

    1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “dhu̯ē̆r-, dhu̯ō̆r-, dhur-, dhur̥-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 278-279
    2. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*dhu̯ṓr”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, pages 168-169
    3. ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*dʰu̯ór-, *dʰur-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 130-135
    4. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “andurza”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 226
    5. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dvьrь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 128
    6. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “durys”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147
    7. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “duṙn”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 243-244
    8. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*dura-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 110
    9. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*durī-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 110
    10. 10.0 10.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “θύρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 565-566
    11. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “foris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 233
    12. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “dvaras”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 148-149
    13. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dvòrъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 128
    14. 14.0 14.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*dworā, *duro-, *dworestu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 111-112
    15. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “forum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 237
    16. ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “twere*”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 344-345
    17. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “derë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 60