Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰwṓr

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *dʰwer- (“door”) +‎ *-s (root nominal suffix).

Noun

*dʰwṓr f^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]

door

Inflection

Athematic, amphikinetic
	singular
nominative	*dʰwṓr
genitive	*dʰurés
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dʰwṓr	*dʰwórh₁(e)	*dʰwóres
vocative	*dʰwór	*dʰwórh₁(e)	*dʰwóres
accusative	*dʰwórm̥	*dʰwórh₁(e)	*dʰwórm̥s
genitive	*dʰurés	*?	*dʰuróHom
ablative	*dʰurés	*?	dʰwr̥mós, dʰwr̥bʰós
dative	*dʰuréy	*?	dʰwr̥mós, dʰwr̥bʰós
locative	dʰwór, dʰwóri	*?	*dʰwr̥sú
instrumental	*dʰuréh₁	*?	dʰwr̥mís, dʰwr̥bʰís

Descendants

Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒀭𒄙𒍝 (an-dur-za) (< *h₁en-dʰur-)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dwírs (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Albanian: *dwōrā
- Albanian: derë
Armenian:
- Old Armenian: դուռն (duṙn) (< *dʰwór-m̥ (acc.s.))
  - Armenian: դուռ (duṙ)
Proto-Celtic: *dwār (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *durz (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *tʰurā
- Ancient Greek: θῠ́ρα (thŭ́ra), θῠ́ρᾱζε (thŭ́rāze)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰwā́r
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dwā́r
  - Sanskrit: द्वार् (dvā́r), द्वारः (dvā́raḥ, nom.p.), द्वारा (dvā́rā, nom.d.), दुरः (dúraḥ, acc.p.)
- Proto-Iranian: *dwā́r
  - Younger Avestan: 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨 (duuar^əm, acc.s.), 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (duuar^ə, loc.s.)
  - Persian: در (dar)
  - Ossetian: дуар (dwar)
- Proto-Nuristani: *dwara (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *fworis
- Latin: foris (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 130-5
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “andurza”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 188
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dvьrь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 128
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “durys”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “duṙn”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 243-244
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*dura-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 110
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*durī-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 110
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “θύρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 565-566
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “foris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 233

[1] Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 130-5

[2] Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “andurza”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 188

[3] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dvьrь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 128

[4] Derksen, Rick (2015) “durys”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147

[5] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “duṙn”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 243-244

[6] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*dura-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 110

[7] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*durī-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 110

[Beekes-8] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “θύρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 565-566

[9] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “foris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 233

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