Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eysd-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

An extension of *h₂eys- (“to wish”), perhaps with *-dh₃-, literally, “to give respect”.^[1]

Root

*h₂eysd-^[2]

to laud, honour

Reconstruction notes

The Indo-Iranian descendants are well established, and likely so is the Germanic. The δ (d) in the Greek descendant is problematic to Beekes (expected ζ (z) for PIE *sd), but semantically it fits the root.

Derived terms

*h₂éysd-e-ti (thematic present)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: αἴδομαι (aídomai, “to be ashamed; to honour, respect”)^[3]
*h₂isd-sḱé-ti ~ *h₂isd-sḱó-nti (sḱe-present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hiždŝćáti
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hiždŝáti
    - Avestan: 𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬯𐬁 (išasā, 1.sg.subj)^[4]
*h₂eysd-éh₁ye-ti (stative)^[1]
- Proto-Germanic: *aistāną
  - Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (aistan)
*h₂i-h₂éysd-ti ~ *h₂í-h₂isd-n̥ti (reduplicated athematic present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HiHáyšti
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HiHáyṣṭi
    - Sanskrit: ईट्टे (ī́ṭṭe)
*h₂eysd-ōs (suffix uncertain, maybe originally neuter (later feminine) *-os-s with irregular accent; possibly a non-Indo-European word, though)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - >? Ancient Greek: αἰδώς f (aidṓs) (irregular)^[5]

Descendants

Sanskrit: ईड् (īḍ), ईळ् (īḷ)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*aistēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 14
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂ei̯sd-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 260-261
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αἴδομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*Haižd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 160
^ Meissner, Torsten (2005) S-stem Nouns and Adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: A Diachronic Study in Word Formation (Oxford Classical Monographs)‎^[2], New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 143

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*aistēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 14

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂ei̯sd-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 260-261

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αἴδομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34

[4] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*Haižd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 160

[5] Meissner, Torsten (2005) S-stem Nouns and Adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: A Diachronic Study in Word Formation (Oxford Classical Monographs)‎^[2], New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 143

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