Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mért

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Athematic root aorist of *mer- (“to die”).

Verb

*mért (perfective)^[1]^[2]

to die

Inflection

Perfective, athematic
3rd singular	*mért
3rd plural	*m̥rént
Active voice	Indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*mérm̥	—	*méroh₂	*mr̥yéh₁m̥
2nd singular	*mérs	mér, mr̥dʰí	*méresi	*mr̥yéh₁s
3rd singular	*mért	*mértu	*méreti	*mr̥yéh₁t
1st dual	*mr̥wé	—	*mérowos	*m̥rih₁wé
2nd dual	*mr̥tóm	*mr̥tóm	*méretes	*m̥rih₁tóm
3rd dual	*mr̥tā́m	*mr̥tā́m	*méretes	*m̥rih₁tā́m
1st plural	*mr̥mé	—	*méromos	*m̥rih₁mé
2nd plural	*mr̥té	*mr̥té	*mérete	*m̥rih₁té
3rd plural	*m̥rént	*m̥réntu	*méronti	*m̥rih₁ént

Participle	*m̥rónts
Middle voice	Indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*mr̥h₂é	—	*méroh₂er	*m̥rih₁h₂é
2nd singular	*mr̥th₂é	*mr̥só	*méreth₂er	*m̥rih₁th₂é
3rd singular	mr̥tó, m̥ró	*?	*méretor	m̥rih₁tó, m̥rih₁ó
1st dual	*mr̥wédʰh₂	—	*mérowosdʰh₂	*m̥rih₁wédʰh₂
2nd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?
3rd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?
1st plural	*mr̥médʰh₂	—	*méromosdʰh₂	*m̥rih₁médʰh₂
2nd plural	*mr̥dʰh₂wé	*mr̥dʰh₂wé	*méredʰh₂we	*m̥rih₁dʰh₂wé
3rd plural	m̥rn̥tó, mr̥ró	*?	*mérontor	*m̥rih₁ró

Participle	*m̥rm̥h₁nós

Derived terms

Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒈨𒅕𒋫 (me-er-ta /⁠merta⁠/, 3sg.pret.act.), 𒈨𒅕𒍣 (me-er-zi /⁠merzi⁠/, “to disappear, vanish”, 3sg.pres.act.)^[1]
Armenian:
- Old Armenian: մեռայ (meṙay) (or from *mer-s- (sigmatic aorist))^[3]
Proto-Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: ἔμορτεν (émorten)
Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: अमृत (ámṛta, 3sg.aor.ind.med.), मरन्ति (maranti, 3pl.aor.subj.act.)
    - ⇒ Sanskrit: मरति (marati)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “mer-^zi / mar-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 577-578
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*mer-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 439-440
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “meṙanim”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 463

[Kloekhorst-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “mer-^zi / mar-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 577-578

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*mer-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 439-440

[3] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “meṙanim”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 463

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