Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/seǵʰós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *seǵʰ- (“to hold”) +‎ *-ós (e-grade adjective suffix).

Adjective

*seǵʰós^[1]^[2]

holding on

Inflection

Thematic
	masculine	feminine
nominative	*seǵʰós	*seǵʰéh₂
genitive	*seǵʰósyo	*seǵʰéh₂s
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*seǵʰós	*seǵʰóh₁	*seǵʰóes
vocative	*seǵʰé	*seǵʰóh₁	*seǵʰóes
accusative	*seǵʰóm	*seǵʰóh₁	*seǵʰóms
genitive	*seǵʰósyo	*?	*seǵʰóHom
ablative	*seǵʰéad	*?	seǵʰómos, seǵʰóbʰos
dative	*seǵʰóey	*?	seǵʰómos, seǵʰóbʰos
locative	seǵʰéy, seǵʰóy	*?	*seǵʰóysu
instrumental	*seǵʰóh₁	*?	*seǵʰṓys
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*seǵʰéh₂	*seǵʰéh₂h₁(e)	*seǵʰéh₂es
vocative	*seǵʰéh₂	*seǵʰéh₂h₁(e)	*seǵʰéh₂es
accusative	*seǵʰā́m	*seǵʰéh₂h₁(e)	*seǵʰéh₂m̥s
genitive	*seǵʰéh₂s	*?	*seǵʰéh₂oHom
ablative	*seǵʰéh₂s	*?	seǵʰéh₂mos, seǵʰéh₂bʰos
dative	*seǵʰéh₂ey	*?	seǵʰéh₂mos, seǵʰéh₂bʰos
locative	seǵʰéh₂, seǵʰéh₂i	*?	*seǵʰéh₂su
instrumental	*seǵʰéh₂h₁	*?	seǵʰéh₂mis, seǵʰéh₂bʰis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*seǵʰóm	*seǵʰóy(h₁)	*seǵʰéh₂
vocative	*seǵʰóm	*seǵʰóy(h₁)	*seǵʰéh₂
accusative	*seǵʰóm	*seǵʰóy(h₁)	*seǵʰéh₂
genitive	*seǵʰósyo	*?	*seǵʰóHom
ablative	*seǵʰéad	*?	seǵʰómos, seǵʰóbʰos
dative	*seǵʰóey	*?	seǵʰómos, seǵʰóbʰos
locative	seǵʰéy, seǵʰóy	*?	*seǵʰóysu
instrumental	*seǵʰóh₁	*?	*seǵʰṓys

Derived terms

*seǵʰ-o-mṓ (*-mṓ derivative)
- Proto-Celtic: *Segomū (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *Seɣomō (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Celtic: *segos (“bold, brave”)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *saȷ́ʰás
- Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: सह (sahá, “powerful”)

References

^ Nussbaum, Alan (2017) “Agentive and Other Derivatives of “τόμος-Type” Nouns”, in Claire Le Feuvre, Daniel Petit and Georges-Jean Pinault, editors, Verbal Adjectives and Participles in Indo-European Languages. Proceedings of the Arbeitstagung of the Indo-European Society, Paris, 24–26 September 2014, Bremen: Hempen, page 249
^ Weiss, Michael (2017) “An Italo-Celtic Divinity and a Common Sabellic Sound Change”, in Classical Antiquity, volume 36, number 2, University of California, page 386

[1] Nussbaum, Alan (2017) “Agentive and Other Derivatives of “τόμος-Type” Nouns”, in Claire Le Feuvre, Daniel Petit and Georges-Jean Pinault, editors, Verbal Adjectives and Participles in Indo-European Languages. Proceedings of the Arbeitstagung of the Indo-European Society, Paris, 24–26 September 2014, Bremen: Hempen, page 249

[2] Weiss, Michael (2017) “An Italo-Celtic Divinity and a Common Sabellic Sound Change”, in Classical Antiquity, volume 36, number 2, University of California, page 386

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