Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/stísteh₂ti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Athematic i-reduplicated root of *steh₂- (“to stand up”).

Verb

*stísteh₂ti (imperfective)^[1]^[2]

to be standing up, to be getting up

Inflection

Imperfective, athematic, active only
3rd singular	*stísteh₂ti
3rd plural	*stísth₂n̥ti
Active voice	Present indicative	Past indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*stísteh₂mi	*stístām	—	*stísteh₂oh₂	*stísth₂yeh₁m̥
2nd singular	*stísteh₂si	*stísteh₂s	stísteh₂, stísth₂dʰi	*stísteh₂esi	*stísth₂yeh₁s
3rd singular	*stísteh₂ti	*stísteh₂t	*stísteh₂tu	*stísteh₂eti	*stísth₂yeh₁t
1st dual	*stísth₂wos	*stísth₂we	—	*stísteh₂owos	*stísth₂ih₁we
2nd dual	*stísth₂tes	*stísth₂tom	*stísth₂tom	*stísteh₂etes	*stísth₂ih₁tom
3rd dual	*stísth₂tes	*stísth₂tām	*stísth₂tām	*stísteh₂etes	*stísth₂ih₁tām
1st plural	*stísth₂mos	*stísth₂me	—	*stísteh₂omos	*stísth₂ih₁me
2nd plural	*stísth₂te	*stísth₂te	*stísth₂te	*stísteh₂ete	*stísth₂ih₁te
3rd plural	*stísth₂n̥ti	*stísth₂n̥t	*stísth₂n̥tu	*stísteh₂onti	*stísth₂ih₁n̥t

Participle	*stísth₂n̥ts

Descendants

Proto-Celtic: *sistati (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *hístāmi
- Ancient Greek: ἵστημι (hístēmi), ἵστᾱμαι (hístāmai)
  Doric Greek: ἵστᾱμι (hístāmi)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *stíštaHti
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(s)tíṣṭaHti
  - Sanskrit: तिष्ठति (tíṣṭhati)
- Proto-Iranian: *híštaHti
  - Avestan: 𐬵𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (hištaⁱti, med.3.sg), 𐬵𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 (hištəṇti, med.3.pl)^[3]
  - Old Persian: 𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎫 (aištatā-) (< *a-hišta-)
    - Persian: ایستادن (istâdan)
Proto-Italic: *sistō (see there for further descendants)
- Latin: sistō (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 34
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 590
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*staH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 358

[1] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 34

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 590

[3] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*staH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 358

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