Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/aȷ́ʰám

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

    From earlier *aȷ́Hám, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm.

    Pronoun

    *aȷ́ʰám[1]

    1. I, we

    Inflection

    Inflection of *aȷ́ʰám
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative *aȷ́ʰám *waHám *wayám
    Vocative — — —
    Accusative *maHám *aHwá *asmá
    Instrumental *máH *aHwáH *asmáH
    Dative *máȷ́ʰya *aHwábʰya *asmábʰya
    Ablative *mád *aHwád *asmád
    Genitive *mána *aHwáHkam (?) *asmáHkam
    Locative *máyi *aHwáy *asmáy

    Descendants

    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *aźʰám
      • Sanskrit: अहम् (ahám) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Iranian: *ajám (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Nuristani: *ā́nja, *ā́na (both from earlier *áȷ́nam with intrusive nasal)
      • Northern Nuristani: *ā́njə
        • Kamkata-viri:
          Kamviri: ṍć
          Kativiri: úze
        • Prasuni: unzú, unźū́
      • Southern Nuristani: *ā̃́ɣa (< *ā́naga; *-ga possibly from *gʰe)
        • Ashkun: ái (< *ā̃́yə < *ā̃́ɣa)
        • Tregami: é (< *ā̃́yə < *ā̃́ɣa)
        • Waigali: ëṅë, ëkë (< *ā́ṅa < *ā̃́ɣa)

    References

    1. ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2017–2018) “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The morphology of Indo-Iranian, page 1904
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