Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dwáyšas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dwey-s-ós, from *dwey- (“to fear”).

Noun

*dwáyšas n[1]

  1. hatred, hostility, enmity

Inflection

neuter as-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *dwáyšas *dwáyšasiH *dwáyšās
vocative *dwáyšas *dwáyšasiH *dwáyšās
accusative *dwáyšas *dwáyšasiH *dwáyšās
instrumental *dwáyšasaH *dwáyšazbʰyā(m) *dwáyšazbʰiš
ablative *dwáyšasas *dwáyšazbʰyā(m) *dwáyšazbʰyas
dative *dwáyšasay *dwáyšazbʰyā(m) *dwáyšazbʰyas
genitive *dwáyšasas *dwáyšasHās *dwáyšasaHam
locative *dwáyšasi *dwáyšasHaw *dwáyšasu

Descendants

  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dwáyṣas
  • Proto-Iranian: *dwáyšah
    • Avestan: 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀𐬵 (duuaēšah)
    • Middle Persian: [script needed] (byš /⁠bēš⁠/)[2]

References

  1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “dvés.as-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  2. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “bēš-”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 18
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