Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/sáynaH

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

*sáynaH f

  1. army, troop
  2. horde, band (of invaders, attackers)

Declension

aH-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *sáynaH *sáynay *sáynās
vocative *sáynay *sáynay *sáynās
accusative *sáynām *sáynay *sáynās
instrumental *sáynaH, -ayaH *sáynaHbʰyā(m) *sáynaHbʰiš
ablative *sáynayaHs *sáynaHbʰyā(m) *sáynaHbʰyas
dative *sáynayaHi *sáynaHbʰyā(m) *sáynaHbʰyas
genitive *sáynayaHs *sáynayHās *sáynaHnaHam
locative *sáynayaH *sáynayHaw *sáynaHsu

Descendants

  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sáynaH (“army, troop”)
  • Proto-Iranian: *háynaH (“hostile army”)
    • Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬁 (haēnā, “hostile army”)
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (hīñi)
    • Old Persian: 𐏃𐎡𐎴𐎠 (h-i-n-a /⁠hainaʰ⁠/, “hostile army”)
      • Middle Persian:
        Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (hyyn)
        Book Pahlavi script: hyn' (hyn' /⁠hēn⁠/)
        • → Old Armenian: հէն (hēn)
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