Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/tŕ̥šnah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tŕ̥šnas, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥s-nó-s, from *ters- (“dry”).

Noun

*tŕ̥šnah

thirst

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tŕ̥šnah	*tŕ̥šnā(w)	*tŕ̥šnāh(ah)
vocative	*tŕ̥šna	*tŕ̥šnā(w)	*tŕ̥šnāh(ah)
accusative	*tŕ̥šnam	*tŕ̥šnā(w)	*tŕ̥šnānh
instrumental	*tŕ̥šnaH	*tŕ̥šnaybʰyā(m)	*tŕ̥šnāyš
ablative	*tŕ̥šnāt	*tŕ̥šnaybʰyā(m)	*tŕ̥šnaybʰyah
dative	*tŕ̥šnāy	*tŕ̥šnaybʰyā(m)	*tŕ̥šnaybʰyah
genitive	*tŕ̥šnahya	*tŕ̥šnayāh	*tŕ̥šnānaHam
locative	*tŕ̥šnay	*tŕ̥šnayaw	*tŕ̥šnayšu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬥𐬀 m (taršna, “thirst”)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] m (ttarrā, “thirsty”)
- Sogdian: [script needed] (čšn /⁠čašn⁠/, “thirst”)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: تنگ (tunnag, “thirsty”)
- Kurdish:
  Northern Kurdish: tî, têhnî (“thirsty”)
  
  Central Kurdish: تینوو (tînû), توونی (tûnî, “thirsty”)
  
  Southern Kurdish: تیەنێ (tyenê, “thirsty”)
  
  Laki: تینی (tînî, “thirsty”)
- Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
  - Gurani: تەژنە (tažna)
  - Zazaki: teyşan (tayšān)
Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: 𐎫𐎼𐎿̌𐎴 (t-r-šn /⁠*taršnaʰ⁠/, “thirst”)
  - Middle Persian: [script needed] (tyšn' /⁠tišn⁠/)
    - ⇒ Middle Persian: thirsty (tyšnk' /⁠tišnag⁠/)
      - Persian: تشنه (tešna, “thirsty”)
        → Urdu: تشنہ (tiśnā, “thirsty”)

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
Louis Herbert Gray (1902) Indo-Iranian Phonology, with Special Reference to the Middle and New Indo-Iranian Languages‎^[1], Columbia University Press