Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/esto

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

A compound pronoun from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)es- + *só, with the s-initial forms of the latter element replaced with t-initial forms. Compare Gaulish ison.

Pronoun

*esto m (feminine *estā, neuter *estod)[1]

  1. this

Alternative reconstructions

Declension

Declension of *esto (irregular pronoun)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *esto *estā *estod
vocative *este *esta *estod
accusative *estom *estam *estod
genitive *estosjo *estosjās *estosjo
dative *estōi *estāi *estōi
ablative *estōd *estād *estōd
locative *estei *estāi *estei
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *estoi *estās *estā
vocative *estoi *estās *estā
accusative *estons *estans *estā
genitive *estom *estāzōm *estom
dative *estois *estais *estois
ablative *estois *estais *estois
locative *estois *estais *estois

Descendants

  • Latin: iste
  • South Picene: 𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌔 (estas, nom pl fem.)
  • Umbrian: 𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌖 (estu, acc sg masc.), 𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌄 (este, acc sg neut.)

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 310
  2. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 796