Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pawēō
Proto-Italic
Etymology
From earlier *pawējō, from Proto-Indo-European *paw-éh₁-ye-ti, from *paw- (“to strike, hit”); for this see Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”). The sense development would be "to strike" > "to strike with fear".
Alternatively, *paw- is a homophonous but separate root meaning "to fear", and is perhaps cognate with Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”).[1]
Verb
*pawēō first-singular present indicative
- to be afraid
Inflection
| Inflection of *pawēō (second conjugation stative) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *pawēō | |
| Perfect | *pawai | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | — | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *pawēō | *pawēōr |
| 2nd sing. | *pawēs | *pawēzo |
| 3rd sing. | *pawēt | *pawētor |
| 1st plur. | *pawēmos | *pawēmor |
| 2nd plur. | *pawētes | *pawēm(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *pawēnt | *pawēntor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *pawēām | *pawēār |
| 2nd sing. | *pawēās | *pawēāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *pawēād | *pawēātor |
| 1st plur. | *pawēāmos | *pawēāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *pawēātes | *pawēām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *pawēānd | *pawēāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | *pawai | |
| 2nd sing. | *pawistai | |
| 3rd sing. | *pawe(d) | |
| 1st plur. | *pawomos | |
| 2nd plur. | *pawistes | |
| 3rd plur. | *pawēri | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *pawē | *pawēzo |
| 2nd plur. | *pawēte | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *pawētōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *pawēnts | — | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *pawum | *pawēzi | |
Descendants
- Latin: paveō (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 451