Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/lmuk

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction

  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan:
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: r-mok (LaPolla, 1987); r-muk (STEDT)

This etymon's rGyalrongic reflexes all mean "mushroom"; for the semantic development, Jacques compares Breton tog-touseg (“mushroom”, literally “frog hat”).[1] The assignment of the rGyalrongic terms to what STEDT notates as *g/s-məw is wrong, since the rGyalrongic terms consistently show evidence of a velar coda that has no reflex in e.g. Burmish.

The vowel -o- in Tibetan is irregular, but the same correspondence to Old Chinese -u- also appears in *skuq (“Allium plant”).

Noun

*lmuk

  1. hat, helmet

Descendants

  • Chinese: 帽 (OC *mˤuk-s (B-S), “hat, cap”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Bodish
    • Tibetic
      • Tibetan: རྨོག (rmog, “helmet”), མོག་ཤ (mog sha, “semi-aquatic mushroom”)
  • rGyalrongic
    • West rGyalrongic
      • Horpa
        • Geshiza: lməu
        • Nyagrong Minyag: ɦmɛ
      • Khroskyabs: lmɑ̂ɣ
    • East rGyalrongic
      • Japhug: tɤ-jmɤɣ (“mushroom”)
      • Situ: ta-jmōk (Brag-bar), tɐ-jmōk (Cogtse)
  • Naic
    • >? Proto-Naish: *mo (“mushroom”)
      • Naxi: mul (/⁠mu⁵⁵⁠/)
      • Narua: moq (/⁠mo˧˥⁠/)
  • Nungish
    • Drung: umoq (“hat”)
    • Rawang: vmo (“hat”)

References

  1. ^ Zhang, Shuya, Jacques, Guillaume, Lai, Yunfan (2019) “A study of cognates between Gyalrong languages and Old Chinese”, in Journal of Language Relationship, volume 17, number 1, →DOI, page 80 of 73–92
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