Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/sjəj

• Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *syɨs (Coblin, 1986)
  • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *syey-s (Matisoff, STEDT); *syey (Benedict, 1972; Chou, 1972; LaPolla, 1987; Weidert, 1987); *syey (*C) (Coblin, 1986)

*sjəj

1. to know

• Old Chinese: 悉 (xī) /*sit/ (B-S), /*sid/ (ZS) ("all, completely; detailed; to know, to understand")
  • Middle Chinese: 悉 (xī) /siɪt/

    → Japanese: 悉 (しつ, ​shitsu)
    Korean: 실 (悉, sil)
    Vietnamese: tất (悉)

    • Modern Mandarin
      • Beijing: 悉 (xī), (/ɕi⁵⁵/)
    • Cantonese
      • Guangzhou: 悉 (sik¹), (/sɪk̚⁵/)
    • Wu
      • Shanghai: 悉, /ɕiɪ̆ʔ⁵⁵/
• Kamarupan
  • Proto-Kuki-Chin: *thay-I, thayʔ-II (“know, able, hear”) (VanBik, 2009)
    • Central Chin
      • Mizo: thei (“can, may; able, capable”)
• Bodish
  • Tibetan
    • Tibetan: ཤེས་པ (shes pa, “to know, to understand, to cognise, to realise, to be aware”)
• Tshangla: སེ་ལེ (se le)
• Jingpho-Asakian
  • Jingpho
    • Jingpho: shiga (“news”)
• Naic
  • Proto-Naish: *si
    • Naxi: see (/⁠sɯ˧⁠/)
    • Narua: si (/⁠sɯ˥⁠/)
    • Laze: [Term?] (/⁠sɯ˩⁠/)
• Lolo-Burmese: *šey²/³ (Matisoff, 2003)
  • Burmish
    • Burmic
      • Burmese
        • Burmese: သိ (si., “to know, to be acquainted with”)
    • Maruic
      • Pela: sɛ³⁵ (“to know, to be acquainted with”)
  • Proto-Loloish: *si² (Bradley, 1979)
    • Northern Loloish
      • Yi (Liangshan): ꌧ (syp, “to know, understand, recognise, be familiar with”), ꌥ (syx, “to know, meet, get to know”)
    • Central Loloish
      • Lisu (Southern): ꓢꓷꓸ (sɤ́, “to know, recognise”), also ꓢꓲꓸ (sɨ́)
• Karenic:
  • S'gaw Karen: သ့ၣ်ညါ (thaỳ nyah)
  • Western Pwo: ၥ့ၪယၫ
  • Western Kayah: ꤞꤢꤧꤑꤢꤩ꤭ (thaenyē)

• *ken (“to see, to know”)