Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-jьjь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *-yōs.

    Suffix

    *-jьjь

    1. Forms comparative forms
      *bol- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*boľьjь
      *dьl- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*dьľьjь
      *gor- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*gořьjь
      *luk- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*lučьjь
      *mьn- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*mьňьjь
      *nizъ + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*nižьjь
      *sold- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*solďьjь
      *tęz- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*tęžьjь
      *un- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*uňьjь
      *vysь + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*vyšьjь
      *vęt- + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*vęťьjь
      *čęstъ + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*čęsťьjь
      *čistъ (clean) + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*čisťьjь (cleaner)
      *lixъ (superfluous) + ‎*-jьjь → ‎*lišьjь (more superfluous)

    Declension

    Indefinite declension of *-jьjь (comparative)
    singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *-jьjь *-jьši *-je
    genitive *-jьša *-jьšę̇ *-jьša
    dative *-jьšu *-jьši *-jьšu
    accusative *-jьšь *-jьšǫ *-je
    instrumental *-jьšemь *-jьšejǫ *-jьšemь
    locative *-jьši *-jьši *-jьši
    vocative *-jьšu *-jьše *-jьše
    dual masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *-jьša *-jьši *-jьši
    genitive *-jьšu *-jьšu *-jьšu
    dative *-jьšema *-jьšama *-jьšema
    accusative *-jьša *-jьši *-jьši
    instrumental *-jьšema *-jьšama *-jьšema
    locative *-jьšu *-jьšu *-jьšu
    vocative *-jьša *-jьši *-jьši
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *-jьše *-jьšę̇ *-jьša
    genitive *-jьšь *-jьšь *-jьšь
    dative *-jьšemъ *-jьšamъ *-jьšemъ
    accusative *-jьšę̇ *-jьšę̇ *-jьša
    instrumental *-jьši *-jьšami *-jьši
    locative *-jьšixъ *-jьšaxъ *-jьšixъ
    vocative *-jьši *-jьšę̇ *-jьša
    Definite declension of *-jьjь (comparative)
    singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *-jьjь *-jьšija *-jьšeje
    genitive *-jьšajego *-jьšę̇ję̇ *-jьšajego
    dative *-jьšujemu *-jьšiji *-jьšujemu
    accusative *-jьšьjь *-jьšǫjǫ *-jьšeje
    instrumental *-jьšijimь *-jьšǫjǫ *-jьšijimь
    locative *-jьšijemь *-jьšiji *-jьšijemь
    vocative *-jьšьjь *-jьšaja *-jьšeje
    dual masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *-jьšaja *-jьšiji *-jьšiji
    genitive *-jьšuju *-jьšuju *-jьšuju
    dative *-jьšijima *-jьšijima *-jьšijima
    accusative *-jьšaja *-jьšiji *-jьšiji
    instrumental *-jьšijima *-jьšijima *-jьšijima
    locative *-jьšuju *-jьšuju *-jьšuju
    vocative *-jьšaja *-jьšiji *-jьšiji
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *-jьšeji *-jьšę̇ję̇ *-jьšaja
    genitive *-jьšьjixъ *-jьšьjixъ *-jьšьjixъ
    dative *-jьšijimъ *-jьšijimъ *-jьšijimъ
    accusative *-jьšę̇ję̇ *-jьšę̇ję̇ *-jьšaja
    instrumental *-jьšijimi *-jьšijimi *-jьšijimi
    locative *-jьšijixъ *-jьšijixъ *-jьšijixъ
    vocative *-jьšiji *-jьšę̇ję̇ *-jьšaja

    Derived terms

    Proto-Slavic comparative adjectives

    Descendants notes

    The descendants ending with -e descend from the neuter -je and mostly developed an adverbial meaning, while the descendants ending with -ši/-šy/-šyj descend from the definite forms (where the masculine nominative -jьjь got replaced with the accusative -jьšьjь)

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: -ии (-ii)
        • Old Ruthenian: -ьшїй (-ʹšij), -шїй (-šij)
          • Belarusian: -ьшы (-ʹšy), -шы (-šy)
          • Ukrainian: -ьший (-ʹšyj)
        • Russian: -ьший (-ʹšij), -ший (-šij)
      • Old Novgorodian: -ии (-ii)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Glagolitic script: -ⰻⰻ (-ii)
        Old Cyrillic script: -ии (-ii)
      • Old Church Slavonic: (-e)
        • Russian: -ее (-eje)
      • Bulgarian: ()
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: -ји
        Latin script: -ji
      • Slovene: -ji, -ši
    • West Slavic: