Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bъdrъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *budras, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰros, from *bʰewdʰ-. Morphologically *bъd- +‎ *-rъ.

Cognate with Lithuanian budrùs (vigilant), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬌𐬠𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀 (zaēnibudra)

Adjective

*bъ̀drъ[1][2]

  1. cheerful, vigorous, sprightly, chipper, upbeat, buoyant, spry, brisk, lively

Inflection

Accent paradigm b.

Indefinite declension of *bъdrъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bъdrъ *bъdra *bъdro
genitive *bъdra *bъdry *bъdra
dative *bъdru *bъdrě *bъdru
accusative *bъdrъ *bъdrǫ *bъdro
instrumental *bъdromь *bъdrojǫ *bъdromь
locative *bъdrě *bъdrě *bъdrě
vocative *bъdre *bъdro *bъdro
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bъdra *bъdrě *bъdrě
genitive *bъdru *bъdru *bъdru
dative *bъdroma *bъdrama *bъdroma
accusative *bъdra *bъdrě *bъdrě
instrumental *bъdroma *bъdrama *bъdroma
locative *bъdru *bъdru *bъdru
vocative *bъdra *bъdrě *bъdrě
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bъdri *bъdry *bъdra
genitive *bъdrъ *bъdrъ *bъdrъ
dative *bъdromъ *bъdramъ *bъdromъ
accusative *bъdry *bъdry *bъdra
instrumental *bъdry *bъdrami *bъdry
locative *bъdrěxъ *bъdraxъ *bъdrěxъ
vocative *bъdri *bъdry *bъdra
Definite declension of *bъdrъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bъdrъjь *bъdraja *bъdroje
genitive *bъdrajego *bъdryję̇ *bъdrajego
dative *bъdrujemu *bъdrěji *bъdrujemu
accusative *bъdrъjь *bъdrǫjǫ *bъdroje
instrumental *bъdryjimь *bъdrǫjǫ *bъdryjimь
locative *bъdrějemь *bъdrěji *bъdrějemь
vocative *bъdrъjь *bъdraja *bъdroje
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bъdraja *bъdrěji *bъdrěji
genitive *bъdruju *bъdruju *bъdruju
dative *bъdryjima *bъdryjima *bъdryjima
accusative *bъdraja *bъdrěji *bъdrěji
instrumental *bъdryjima *bъdryjima *bъdryjima
locative *bъdruju *bъdruju *bъdruju
vocative *bъdraja *bъdrěji *bъdrěji
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bъdriji *bъdryję̇ *bъdraja
genitive *bъdrъjixъ *bъdrъjixъ *bъdrъjixъ
dative *bъdryjimъ *bъdryjimъ *bъdryjimъ
accusative *bъdryję̇ *bъdryję̇ *bъdraja
instrumental *bъdryjimi *bъdryjimi *bъdryjimi
locative *bъdryjixъ *bъdryjixъ *bъdryjixъ
vocative *bъdriji *bъdryję̇ *bъdraja

Alternative forms

  • *bъ̀dřь

Derived terms

  • *bъdriti
  • *bъdrostь, *bъdrota
  • *bъdry

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: бъдръ (bŭdrŭ), бъждрь (bŭždrĭ)

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бодрый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “бодрый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 100
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bъdrъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 111
  • Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “бодрый”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bъ̀drъ; *bъ̀dŗь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 69:adj. o; adj. jo (b) ‘alert, cheerful’
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bъdrъ bъdra bъdro”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander:b (SA 21, 108, 110f.; PR 136)