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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti, from *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear”). Cognate with Lithuanian bijóti, bijótis (“to be afraid”), Latvian bijât, bijâtiês (“to be afraid”), bîtiês (“to be afraid”), Old Prussian biātwei (“to be afraid”), Lithuanian bajùs (“fearful”), báimė, báilė (“fear”), Sanskrit भयते (bháyate), बिभेति (bibhéti, “to fear, to be afraid”), भीत (bhītá, “afraid”), भीति (bhīti, “fear”), Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉 (baiieṇtē, “(they) are afraid”), Old Irish báigul (“danger”).
Verb
*bojàti impf[1][2]
- (reflexive) to fear, to be afraid
Inflection
Conjugation of
*bojati, *boja, *bojitь (
impf.,
intr., -ě/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *bojanьje?
|
*bojati
|
*bojatъ
|
*bojalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
—
|
—
|
| Active
|
*bojavъ
|
*boję
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*bojaxъ |
*boja |
*boja
|
*bojǫ |
*bojiši |
*bojitь
|
| Dual
|
*bojaxově |
*bojasta |
*bojaste
|
*bojivě |
*bojita |
*bojite
|
| Plural
|
*bojaxomъ |
*bojaste |
*bojašę
|
*bojimъ |
*bojite |
*bojętь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*bojaaxъ |
*bojaaše |
*bojaaše
|
— |
*boji |
*boji
|
| Dual
|
*bojaaxově |
*bojaašeta |
*bojaašete
|
*bojivě |
*bojita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*bojaaxomъ |
*bojaašete |
*bojaaxǫ
|
*bojimъ |
*bojite |
—
|
Derived terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: боꙗти (bojati)
- Glagolitic: ⰱⱁⱑⱅⰻ (boěti)
- Bulgarian: боя̀ сѐ (bojà sè)
- Macedonian: бои (boi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: бо̀јати
- Latin script: bòjati
- Slovene: báti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: báti
- Old Polish: bać, bojeć
- Polabian: bet
- Pomeranian:
- Old Slovak: báť
- Pannonian Rusyn: бац (bac)
- Slovak: báť
- Sorbian:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “боя́ться”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bojati (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 163
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bojàti sę”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 50: “v. ‘fear, be afraid’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bojati (sę): bojǫ bojitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c frygte (PR 139)”