Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borьba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *borti (“to fight”) +‎ *-ьba.

Noun

*borьba f

  1. clash, fight

Declension

Declension of *borьba (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *borьba *borьbě *borьby
genitive *borьby *borьbu *borьbъ
dative *borьbě *borьbama *borьbamъ
accusative *borьbǫ *borьbě *borьby
instrumental *borьbojǫ, *borьbǫ** *borьbama *borьbami
locative *borьbě *borьbu *borьbasъ, *borьbaxъ*
vocative *borьbo *borьbě *borьby

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: борьба (borĭba)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Slovak: borba
    • Kashubian: bórzba (“brawl, melee”)

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “борьба”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*borьba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 218
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “борба”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 68
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