Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krěslo
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kréˀsla, from an earlier *kréˀslan, apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *kreh₁s-lo-m of unclear origin:
- Derksen: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kréˀsla, with no further cognates adduced;[1][2]
- Nikolaev: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krēˀslá (“arm-chair, chair”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreh₁s-lo-m;[3]
- ESSJa: From *kretslo, from *kret- + *-slo, from Proto-Indo-European *kret-, variant of *kert- (“to spin, knit”);[4]
- Vaillant: From *kres-, further etymology is unclear, not related to *kresati (“to strike fire”);
- Fraenkel: From *kres-/*kros- (“to braid/weave”);
- Machek: From *krěptlo, from *krěpъ or *krěpiti. But usually the suffix is used with verbs and it would be **krěpidlo.
Compare Lithuanian krė́slas (“arm-chair, chair”), Latvian krēsls/krę̂sls (“chair”), Old Prussian creslan (“chair”); also compare Lithuanian kràstis (verb), krãsė / krẽsė (“chair”), Latvian kreša, kreslis.
- Baltic words are cognates (Vasmer, Fraenkel, Vaillant, Derksen)
- Baltic words are borrowed (Brückner, ЭССЯ)
Could be related to *krosno (“loom, weaving frame”), the rectangular form of which is reminiscent of chairs.
Reconstruction
Per Nikolaev, the accent paradigm ⟨a⟩ from mobile accent is explained by the alignment of the accent curve by the nominative and accusative plural cases, in which Hirt's law occurred. The same alignment occurred in Lithuanian and Latvian. After that, certain doublets appeared in the Baltic dialects.
Noun
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *krě̀slo | *krě̀slě | *krě̀sla |
| genitive | *krě̀sla | *krě̀slu | *krě̀slъ |
| dative | *krě̀slu | *krě̀sloma | *krě̀slomъ |
| accusative | *krě̀slo | *krě̀slě | *krě̀sla |
| instrumental | *krě̀slъmь, *krě̀slomь* | *krě̀sloma | *krě̀slȳ |
| locative | *krě̀slě | *krě̀slu | *krě̀slě̄xъ |
| vocative | *krě̀slo | *krě̀slě | *krě̀sla |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кре́сло”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “krěslo, pl. krěsla”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (NA 137; SA 23; RPT 111)”
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*krě̀slo”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 247: “n. o (a) ‘chair’”
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “krėslas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 257
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nikolajev, S. L. (2012) “Vostočnoslavjanskije refleksy akcentnoj paradigmy d i indojevropejskije sootvetstvija slavjanskim akcentnym tipam suščestvitelʹnyx mužskovo roda s o- i u-osnovami*”, in Karpato-balkanskij dialektnyj landšaft: Jazyk i kulʹtura[1] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pages 39, 52, 64: “*krě̋slo”
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kreslo/*krěslo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 126