Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lomъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

By surface analysis, *lomiti (“to break”) +‎ *-ъ (o-stem). Cognate with Latvian lams (“piece-wages”), Lithuanian lãmas (“piece, lump, plot, nest”).

Noun

*lomъ m

digging bar, crow, crowbar
fracture, breakage

Declension

Declension of *lomъ (hard o-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lomъ	*loma	*lomi
genitive	*loma	*lomu	*lomъ
dative	*lomu	*lomoma	*lomomъ
accusative	*lomъ	*loma	*lomy
instrumental	lomъmь, lomomь^*	*lomoma	*lomy
locative	*lomě	*lomu	*loměxъ
vocative	*lome	*loma	*lomi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ломъ (lomŭ)
  - Belarusian: лом (lom)
  - Russian: лом (lom)
  - Ukrainian: лім (lim)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: ломъ (lomŭ)
  
  unspecified script:
- Bulgarian: лом (lom)
- Macedonian: лом (lom)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ло̑м
  
  Latin script: lȏm
- Slovene: lòm
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: lom
  - Czech: lom
- Old Polish: łom
  - Polish: łom
- Slovak: lom
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: lom
  - Upper Sorbian: lom

Non-Slavic descendants:

→ Hungarian: lom

References

Derksen, Rick (2015) “lamas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lomъI”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 16 (*lokadlo – *lъživьcь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 24
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лом”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress