Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ocьtъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Gothic 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍄 (akeit) or 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐍄 (akēt), ultimately from Latin acētum (“vinegar”), from aceō (“to be sour”). Compare Slovene kis (“vinegar”), Upper Sorbian kisało (“vinegar”) (see *kysati, *kysnǫti, *kysěti, *kyselъ).

Noun

*ocьtъ m

vinegar

Inflection

Declension of *ocьtъ (hard o-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ocьtъ	*ocьta	*ocьti
genitive	*ocьta	*ocьtu	*ocьtъ
dative	*ocьtu	*ocьtoma	*ocьtomъ
accusative	*ocьtъ	*ocьta	*ocьty
instrumental	ocьtъmь, ocьtomь^*	*ocьtoma	*ocьty
locative	*ocьtě	*ocьtu	*ocьtěxъ
vocative	*ocьte	*ocьta	*ocьti

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*ocьtěnъ
*ocьtiti (“to fill with vinegar”)
*ocьtovъ

Descendants

According to ЭССЯ, East Slavic forms are borrowing from Polish

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: оцьтъ (ocĭtŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: оцетъ (ocet), оцотъ (ocot)
    - Belarusian: во́цат (vócat)
    - Ukrainian: о́цет (ócet)
  - Russian: о́цет (ócet) (archaic; biblical)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: оцьтъ (ocĭtŭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: оце́т (océt)
- Macedonian: оцет (ocet)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: о̀цат
  
  Latin script: òcat
- Slovene: ócet
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: ocet
  - Czech: ocet
- Kashubian: òct
- Old Polish: ocet
  - Polish: ocet, u̯ecet
- Old Slovak: ocot, vocot, vocet
  - Pannonian Rusyn: оцет (ocet)
  - Slovak: ocot, ocet
- Slovincian: wôct

Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: oțet
- → Hungarian: ecet

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “оцет”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “уксус”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 288
Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*ocьtъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 11