Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sěno

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śáina, cf. Lithuanian šiẽnas, Latvian sìens, probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁y- (“pale, faint”) (with loss of the laryngeal before *-y-). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Another theory derives the Balto-Slavic from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to lie”), though this is neither semantically convincing nor unconvincing. Possibly related to Ancient Greek κοινά (koiná, “pasture, fodder”); see there for further discussion.^[1]

Noun

*sě̑no n^[2]^[3]

hay

Inflection

Declension of *sě̑no (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sě̑no	*sě̑ně	*sěnà
genitive	*sě̑na	*sěnù	*sě̃nъ
dative	*sě̑nu	*sěnomà	*sěnòmъ
accusative	*sě̑no	*sě̑ně	*sěnà
instrumental	sě̑nъmь, sě̑nomь^*	*sěnomà	*sěný
locative	*sě̑ně	*sěnù	*sěně̃xъ
vocative	*sě̑no	*sě̑ně	*sěnà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сѣно (sěno)
  - Belarusian: се́на (sjéna)
  - Russian: се́но (séno)
  - Ukrainian: сі́но (síno)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: сѣно (sěno)
  
  Glagolitic: ⱄⱑⱀⱁ (sěno)
- Bulgarian: сено́ (senó), ся́ну (sjánu) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: сено (seno)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: се̑но, си̏јено
  
  Latin: sȇno, sȉjeno
- Slovene: senọ̑ (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sěno
  - Czech: seno
- Kashubian: sano
- Polabian: śonü
- Polish: siano
- Slovak: seno
- Slovincian: sanô
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: syno

Non-Slavic:
- → Albanian: sanë
- → Greek: σανός (sanós)
- → Hungarian: széna

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “šienas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 447
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sě̑no”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 446
^ Kapović, Mate (2007) “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎^[1], University of Vienna, page 7: “*sẹ̑no”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2015) “šienas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 447

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sě̑no”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 446

[3] Kapović, Mate (2007) “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎^[1], University of Vienna, page 7: “*sẹ̑no”

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