Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stǫpa
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Borrowed from Germanic[1], from Proto-Germanic *stampōną (“to squeeze, compress”), see German Stampfe, stampfen, English stamp etc.
Noun
*stǫ̀pa f[2]
- mortar, a vessel where ingredients are ground
- pounding-mill, stamp mill for grain, the contrivance where corn had to be pounded in hollow blocks before the meal mill has been invented, called by the Romans pīstrīnum and in German Stampfmühle
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *stǫ̀pa | *stǫ̀pě | *stǫ̀py |
| genitive | *stǫ̀py | *stǫ̀pu | *stǫ̀pъ |
| dative | *stǫ̀pě | *stǫ̀pama | *stǫ̀pamъ |
| accusative | *stǫ̀pǫ | *stǫ̀pě | *stǫ̀py |
| instrumental | *stǫ̀pojǫ, *stǫ̀pǭ** | *stǫ̀pama | *stǫ̀pamī |
| locative | *stǫ̀pě | *stǫ̀pu | *stǫ̀pasъ, *stǫ̀paxъ* |
| vocative | *stǫ̀po | *stǫ̀pě | *stǫ̀py |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ступа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress