|
|
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂- (“to gape, yawn”). Akin to German geifen, Lithuanian žiópčioti, žiõplinti, žiopsóti and Old Norse geipa.
Verb
*zěpati
- (intransitive) to yawn?, to yell?
- Synonyms: *kričati, *zěvàti
Inflection
Conjugation of *zěpati, *zěpa, *zěpajetь (sla, pro, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *zěpanьje
|
*zěpati
|
*zěpatъ
|
*zěpalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*zěpanъ
|
*zěpajemъ
|
| Active
|
*zěpavъ
|
*zěpaję
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*zěpaxъ |
*zěpa |
*zěpa
|
*zěpajǫ |
*zěpaješi |
*zěpajetь
|
| Dual
|
*zěpaxově |
*zěpasta |
*zěpaste
|
*zěpajevě |
*zěpajeta |
*zěpajete
|
| Plural
|
*zěpaxomъ |
*zěpaste |
*zěpašę
|
*zěpajemъ |
*zěpajete |
*zěpajǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*zěpaaxъ |
*zěpaaše |
*zěpaaše
|
— |
*zěpaji |
*zěpaji
|
| Dual
|
*zěpaaxově |
*zěpaašeta |
*zěpaašete
|
*zěpajivě |
*zěpajita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*zěpaaxomъ |
*zěpaašete |
*zěpaaxǫ
|
*zěpajimъ |
*zěpajite |
—
|
Conjugation of *zěpati, *zěpa, *zěpľetь (sla, pro, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *zěpanьje
|
*zěpati
|
*zěpatъ
|
*zěpalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*zěpanъ
|
*zěpľemъ
|
| Active
|
*zěpavъ
|
*zěpľę
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*zěpaxъ |
*zěpa |
*zěpa
|
*zěpľǫ |
*zěpľeši |
*zěpľetь
|
| Dual
|
*zěpaxově |
*zěpasta |
*zěpaste
|
*zěpľevě |
*zěpľeta |
*zěpľete
|
| Plural
|
*zěpaxomъ |
*zěpaste |
*zěpašę
|
*zěpľemъ |
*zěpľete |
*zěpľǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*zěpaaxъ |
*zěpaaše |
*zěpaaše
|
— |
*zěpľi |
*zěpľi
|
| Dual
|
*zěpaaxově |
*zěpaašeta |
*zěpaašete
|
*zěpľivě |
*zěpľita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*zěpaaxomъ |
*zěpaašete |
*zěpaaxǫ
|
*zěpľimъ |
*zěpľite |
—
|
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: зёпать (zjópatʹ) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: зіпа́ти (zipáty)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: зяпам (zjapam)
- West Slavic
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зёпать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress