Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bedük

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *bedü- (“to grow”) +‎ *-k.

Adjective

*bedük

big
high

Descendants

→ Proto-Mongolic: *bedüxün
- Mongolian: бүдүүн (büdüün)
Oghur:
- Viryal Chuvash: пысӑк (pys̬ăk)
Proto-Common Turkic: *bedük

Arghu:
- Khalaj: bidük, bidik, büdük
Proto-Oghuz: *bedük
- Old Anatolian Turkish: بِیُوكْ (beyük)
  - Ajem-Turkic: بیوک (biyük)
    - Azerbaijani: بویوک, böyük
    - Afshari: بییک (bäyik)
    - Iraqi Turkmen: böyüg
    - Qashqai: بوییک (böyik)^[1]
  - Gagauz: büük
  - Ottoman Turkish: بیوك (biyük), (Late Ottoman) بویوك (büyük)
    - Turkish: büyük
- Salar: biki
- Khorasani Turkish: behey
- Turkmen: beýik
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: بَدُكْ (bädük)
  - Khorezmian Turkic:
    - Chagatai: بویوک (büyük)
      - Uyghur: بۈيۈك (büyük)
      - Uzbek: buyuk
Kipchak:
- Mamluk-Kipchak: بيك (büyük, bäyäk)
- Kipchak-Bulgar:
  - Bashkir: бөйөк (böyök), бейек (beyek)
  - Tatar: биек (biyek)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
  - Crimean Tatar: büyük, buyuk, biyk
    - Urum: бӱйӱк (büyük), бейӱк (beyük)
  - Karachay-Balkar: мийик (miyik)
  - Karaim: бийик (biyik)
  - Kumyk: бийик (biyik)
  - Krymchak: бӱйӱк (büyük), буйук (buyuk)
- Kipchak-Nogai:
  - Karakalpak: бийик (biyik)
  - Kazakh: биік (biık)
  - Nogai: бийик (biyik)
  - Siberian Tatar: бӧйек (böyek), пӧйӧк (pöyök), пүйик (püyik), пийик (piyik)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: бийик (biyik)
  - Southern Altai: бийик (biyik)
Siberian Turkic:
- Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰓𐰜 (b²d²k̥ /⁠bedük⁠/)
- Old Uyghur: 𐽼𐽰𐽸𐽳𐽷 (pʾdwk /⁠bedük⁠/)
  - Western Yugur: bezək (pezïk), pøzyk (pözükʰ)
- South Siberian Turkic:
  - Sayan:
    - Dukhan: петәк (petäk)
    - Tuvan: бедик (bedik)
    - Tofa: бедік (bedik)
  - Yenisei:
    - Chulym: пӱйӧк (püyök), пӱзӧк (püzök)
    - Khakas: пӧзік (pözìk)
    - Shor: мӧзӱк (mözük), пийик (piyik)

References

^ Kuribayashi, Yu (2009) カシュカイ語の基礎語彙 [Basic Qashqai Vocabulary]‎^[1], page 218

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “beḏük”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 302
Straughn, Christopher A. (2023) “big”, in Turkic database at Elegant Lexicon
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bedük”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[2], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[1] Kuribayashi, Yu (2009) カシュカイ語の基礎語彙 [Basic Qashqai Vocabulary]‎^[1], page 218

[1]