Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kadïŋ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*kadïŋ

  1. birch tree

Declension

Declension of *kadïŋ
singular 3)
nominative *kadïŋ
accusative *kadïŋïg, *kadïŋnï1)
genitive *kadïŋnïŋ
dative *kadïŋka
locative *kadïŋda
ablative *kadïŋdan
allative *kadïŋgaru
instrumental 2) *kadïŋïn
equative 2) *kadïŋča
similative 2) *kadïŋlayu
comitative 2) *kadïŋlïgu
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: хурăн (hurăn)
  • Common Turkic:
    • Oghuz: قَيِنْكْ (qayïŋ)
      • West Oghuz:
        • Old Anatolian Turkish: قاین (qayın)
      • East Oghuz:
        • Turkmen: gaýyň
        • Salar: [script needed] (qayın)
    • Karluk:
      • Karakhanid: قَذِنْكْ (qaδïŋ)
    • Kipchak:
    • Siberian:
      • Old Turkic: [script needed] (qadïŋ)
      • North Siberian:
      • South Siberian:
        • Sayan Turkic:
          • Tofa: ӄадыӈ (qadïŋ)
          • Tuvan: хадың (xadıñ)
        • Yenisei Turkic:
          • Khakas: хазың (xazıñ)
          • Shor: қазың (qazıñ)
    • →? Persian: خدنگ (xadang)[1]

References

  1. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kadın”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎[1] (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 183
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 218
  • Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 214-215
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kadïŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎[2], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 122
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