Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kāl-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*kāl-

  1. (intransitive) to stay behind, remain

Descendants

  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: юл (jul)
  • Proto-Common Turkic:
  • Medieval:
    • Karakhanid: قَلْماقْ (qalmāq)
    • Old Turkic:
      • Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰞 (qal-)
      • Old Uyghur: qʾlmʾq (qalmaq)
    • Kipchak:
      • Kipchak: [script needed] (qal-)
      • Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (qal-)
    • Khorezmian: [script needed] (qal-)
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • West Oghuz:
      • Azerbaijani: qalmaq
      • Ottoman Turkish: قالمق (qalmaq)
    • East Oghuz:
      • Turkmen: gālmak
  • Kipchak:
  • Karluk:
  • Siberian:
    • North Siberian:
      • Dolgan: каал (kaal)
      • Yakut: хаал (qaal)
    • South Siberian:
      • Yenisei Turkic:
        • Khakas: халарға (xalarğa)
      • Sayan Turkic:

References

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