Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yügen

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yügen

bridle

Declension

Declension of *yügen
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*yügen
accusative	yügenig, yügenni¹⁾
genitive	*yügenniŋ
dative	*yügenke
locative	*yügente
ablative	*yügenten
allative	*yügengerü
instrumental ²⁾	*yügenin
equative ²⁾	*yügenče
similative ²⁾	*yügenleyü
comitative ²⁾	*yügenligü

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: йӗвен (jĕven)

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: yüyən
  - Ottoman Turkish: اویان (oyan, uyan), یكن (yüğen)
    - Turkish: oyan, uyan (dialectal)
- Salar: ügen
- Turkmen: uýan
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (yügün)
  - Uzbek: yugan
  - Uyghur: يۈگەن (yügen)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: йүгән (yügən)
  - Tatar: йөгән (yögän)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: yügen
  - Karachay-Balkar: джюген (cügen)
  - Karaim: jügen
  - Kumyk: юген (yugen)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: жүген (jügen)
    - Karakalpak: júwen
    - Nogai: ювен (yuven)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Southern Altai: ӱйген (üygen)
    - Kyrgyz: жүгөн (jügön)
Siberian:
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: үүн (üün)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: чүген (çügen)
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: чӱген (çügen)
    - Shor: чӱген (čügen)
    - Western Yugur: [script needed] (yugïn), [script needed] (yügen)

References

Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 577