Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/barjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *barjaną.

Verb

*barjan[1][2]

  1. to beat, strike

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *barjan
1st sg. past *baridā
Infinitive *barjan
Genitive infin. *barjannjas
Dative infin. *barjannjē
Instrum. infin. *barjannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *barju *baridā
2nd singular *barisi *baridēs, *baridōs
3rd singular *bariþi *baridē, *baridā
1st plural *barjum *baridum
2nd plural *bariþ *baridud
3rd plural *barjanþ *baridun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *barjē *baridī
2nd singular *barjēs *baridī
3rd singular *barjē *baridī
1st plural *barjēm *baridīm
2nd plural *barjēþ *baridīd
3rd plural *barjēn *baridīn
Imperative Present
Singular *bari
Plural *bariþ
Present Past
Participle *barjandī *barid

Descendants

  • Old English: berian (attested as ġebered (ppt))
  • (Old Frisian: ber)
  • Old High German: berjan, perjan, berien, *berren

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*barjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 53
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*barjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 37
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