Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/biddjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bidjaną.

Verb

*biddjan^[1]

to ask, make a request

Inflection

Strong class 5 j-present
Infinitive	*biddjan
1st sg. past	*bad
3rd pl. past	*bādun
Past ptcple	*bedan
Infinitive	*biddjan
Genitive infin.	*biddjannjas
Dative infin.	*biddjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*biddjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*biddju	*bad
2nd singular	*bidiʀi	*bādī
3rd singular	*bididi	*bad
1st plural	*biddjum	*bādum
2nd plural	*bidid	*bādud
3rd plural	*biddjand	*bādun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*biddjē	*bādī
2nd singular	*biddjēs	*bādī
3rd singular	*biddjē	*bādī
1st plural	*biddjēm	*bādīm
2nd plural	*biddjēþ	*bādīd
3rd plural	*biddjēn	*bādīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*bidi
Plural	*bidid
	Present	Past
Participle	*biddjandī	*bedan

Derived terms

Descendants

Old English: biddan
- Middle English: bidden
  - English: bid
  - Scots: bid
Old Frisian: bidda
- North Frisian: bade, bad, ber
- Saterland Frisian: bidje
- West Frisian: bidde
Old Saxon: biddian
- Middle Low German: bidden
  - Low German: bidden
  - Plautdietsch: beeden, bedden
Old Dutch: bidden
- Middle Dutch: bidden
  - Dutch: bidden
    - Afrikaans: bid
    - Negerhollands: bed, bet, bit
  - Limburgish: baeje
Old High German: bitten
- Middle High German: bitten
  - Bavarian:
    Cimbrian: pittan
    Mòcheno: pitten
  - German: bitten
  - Yiddish: ביטן (bitn)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 51: “PWGmc *[bidʲdʲan]”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 51: “PWGmc *[bidʲdʲan]”

[1]