Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/flōkēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

  • *flōkōn

Etymology

From *flōk (“curse”) +‎ *-ēn.

Verb

*flōkēn

  1. to curse
  2. to scold

Inflection

Class 3 weak
Infinitive *flōkēn
1st sg. past *flōk?dā
Infinitive *flōkēn
Genitive infin. *flōkēnijas
Dative infin. *flōkēnijē
Instrum. infin. *flōkēniju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *flōkē *flōk?dā
2nd singular *flōkēs *flōk?dēs, *flōk?dēs
3rd singular *flōkēþ *flōk?dē, *flōk?dā
1st plural *flōkēm *flōk?dum
2nd plural *flōkēþ *flōk?dud
3rd plural *flōkēnþ *flōk?dun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *flōkē *flōk?dī
2nd singular *flōkēs *flōk?dī
3rd singular *flōkē *flōk?dī
1st plural *flōkēm *flōk?dīm
2nd plural *flōkēþ *flōk?dīd
3rd plural *flōkēn *flōk?dīn
Imperative Present
Singular *flōkē
Plural *flōkēþ
Present Past
Participle *flōkēndī *flōk?d

Reconstruction notes

Only distinct in the old languages. It merged with the strong verb *flōkan in the later descendants.

Descendants

  • Old Dutch: fluocon
    • Middle Dutch: vloeken
      • Dutch: vloeken
        • Afrikaans: vloek
        • Negerhollands: vloek, fluk, vluek
  • Old High German: fluohhēn, fluohhōn
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