Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/klīban

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *klībaną.

Verb

*klīban

to stick, to cling to

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	*klīban
1st sg. past	*klaib
3rd pl. past	*klibun
Past ptcple	*kliban
Infinitive	*klīban
Genitive infin.	*klībannjas
Dative infin.	*klībannjē
Instrum. infin.	*klībannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*klību	*klaib
2nd singular	*klībiʀi	*klibī
3rd singular	*klībidi	*klaib
1st plural	*klībum	*klibum
2nd plural	*klībid	*klibud
3rd plural	*klīband	*klibun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*klībē	*klibī
2nd singular	*klībēs	*klibī
3rd singular	*klībē	*klibī
1st plural	*klībēm	*klibīm
2nd plural	*klībēþ	*klibīd
3rd plural	*klībēn	*klibīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*klīb
Plural	*klībid
	Present	Past
Participle	*klībandī	*kliban

Derived terms

*biklīban

Descendants

Old English: clīfan
- Middle English: cleven (conflated with *klibēn)
  - English: cleave
  - Scots: cleve, cleif
- Middle English: cliven, clyven (merged with Old Norse klífa)
  - English: clive
Old Frisian: klīva
- ⇒ West Frisian: kleve (weak verb)
Old Saxon: *klīban, *klīvan
- Middle Low German: klîven
  - German Low German: klieven
Old Dutch: *clīvan
- Middle Dutch: cliven
  - Dutch: klijven
Old High German: klīban
- Middle High German: klīben
  - German: kleiben (archaic)