Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/on

• *oˀənə, *ʔôn-, *xon- (per Werner 2002)
• *ɔˀn (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
• *Hon (per Cologne group 2024. Pattern: ?-n.1)

Unclear relation with Proto-Uralic *enä (“big”). The noun sense was most likely the original meaning, and the numeral sense is a semantic derivation.

Kottic words for "7" are formed as compounds of "5 + 2", replacing the native term, possibly due to homonymy instigated by rapid sound elision.

*on (adjectival form *on-Vŋʷ)

1. many, a lot

• Ketic:
  • Ket: онь (ɔnʲ), ооне (ɔːnʲɛ)
  • Yug: онь (ɔnʲ), онэʼ (ɔ́nɛˀ)

*on (ordinal *on-was-Vŋʷ)

1. (cardinal number) seven, 7

• Ketic:
  • Imbak Ket: oːnem (Eed-Šeš dialect)
  • Imbak Ket: oːnham, ɛnham, enham, ónam
    • Ket: оʼн (ɔˀn), онсь (ɔnsʲ)
  • Ostyak Yug: onse, onze
    • Yug: оʼн (ɔˀn), онсе (ɔnsɛ)
• Arinic:
  • Arin: ɨn'a (ɨnʲa), una, ona
• Pumpokolic:
  • Pumpokol: on, ónjang, on'aŋ (onʲaŋ)

• Hill, Eugen, Fries, Simon, Korobzow, Natalie, Günther, Laura, Svenja, Bonmann (2024) “'7'^b”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎^[1], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 270 of 216-293
• Hill, Eugen, Fries, Simon, Korobzow, Natalie, Günther, Laura, Svenja, Bonmann (2024) “Coda-n.1 (Table 21)”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎^[2], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 279 of 216-293
• Vajda, Edward, Werner, Heinrich (2022) “*ɔˀn”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 518
• Vajda, Edward (2024) “*on”, in The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎^[3], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 412
• Vajda, Edward (2024) The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎^[4], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 440
• Werner, Heinrich (2002) “⁴ɔn'”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 42
• Werner, Heinrich (2002) “²ɔˀn”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 48
• Werner, Heinrich (2005) “seven”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 320