aestuo

From aestus (“undulating, waving; heat”) +‎ -ō.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈae̯s.tu.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɛs.t̪u.o]

aestuō (present infinitive aestuāre, perfect active aestuāvī, supine aestuātum); first conjugation

1. to be in agitation or violent commotion, move to and fro, writhe, rage, toss, boil up, heave
   • c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 5.1097:

     et ramosa tamen cum ventis pulsa vacillans / aestuat in ramos incumbens arboris arbor

     Yet also when a many-branched tree, / beaten by winds, writhes swaying to and fro, pressing 'gainst branches of a neighbour tree

2. (of fire) to burn, blaze, rage
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.263:

     […] aestuat ut clausis rapidus fornacibus ignis

     […] as the rapacious fire blazes in a sealed furnace

3. (of the effect of fire) to be warm or hot, swelter, glow, burn
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 1.107:

     […] et cum exustus ager morientibus aestuat herbis / ecce […]

     […] and see, when the scorched land burns with the grasses withering […]

4. (of water) to rise in waves or billows, surge, whirl, seethe
   • 23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horace, Odes 2.6.4:

     […] ubi Maura semper / aestuat unda

     […] and Moorish wave / that whirls the sand.

5. (figuratively, of emotions) to burn with desire, be agitated or excited, be inflamed, fret
   • 70 BCE, Cicero, In Verrem 2.2.55:

     quod ubi auditum est aestuare illi qui pecuniam dederant

     And when this was known, they began to fret who had paid the money.

6. (figuratively, of emotions) to vacillate, hesitate, be in doubt or undecided
   • c. 35 CE – 100 CE, Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria 10.7.33:

     sic anceps inter utrumque animus aestuat […]

     Consequently, the mind will waver in doubt between the two alternatives […]

• “aestuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “aestuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• aestuo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.