arbeir

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *ɸarebereti. Equivalent to ar- +‎ beirid.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /arˈbʲerʲ/

Verb

ar·beir (prototonic ·airbir, verbal noun airbert)

  1. Followed by bith (world):
    1. to live
    2. to use, employ
    3. to eat
      Synonyms: ithid, caithid
  2. to reproach, subdue
  3. (grammar) to express

For quotations using this term, see Citations:arbeir.

Inflection

Complex, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative deut. ar·beir arid·beram (with infixed pronoun id-) ar·berat ar·berar ar·bertar
prot. ·airbir ·airberar
imperfect indicative deut. ar·mbertis
prot. ·erbirmis
preterite deut. ar·bert
prot.
perfect deut. ar·ruburt ar·rubart ar·rubartatar
prot. ·arbart ·arrbartatar
future deut.
prot. ·airbéer ·erbéra
conditional deut.
prot. ·erbérad
present subjunctive deut. ara·mbere (relative) ara·mbera (relative); ara·roibrea (ro-form) ara·mberam (relative) *ar·berat ar·mberthar (relative) ar·bertar
prot. ·arbera ·arbaram ·airbirid ·arbarat
past subjunctive deut. ar·berainn ar·berad
prot. ·airbertha ·airbertis ·airberthe
imperative airbir
verbal noun airbert
past participle erberdu (dative singular); airbirthi (nominative plural)
verbal of necessity erbirthi

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutation of ar·beir
radical lenition nasalization
ar·beir ar·beir
pronounced with /βʲ-/
ar·mbeir

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading