arx

Clipping of English Aruá with x as a placeholder.

arx

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Aruá.

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Aruá terms

• arıx (dialectal, Qazakh)

From Proto-Common Turkic *ārïk (“aryk, ditch; river, creek, brook”), from Proto-Turkic *ār-~*ar-~*ïr- (“to flow”), whence also Azerbaijani irmaq (“river”).^[1]

arx (definite accusative arxı, plural arxlar)

1. irrigation ditch
2. gutter

   Synonym: qanov

• → Armenian: արխ (arx)

• “arx” in Obastan.com.

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to protect, guard, hold, lock”). Cognates include Latin arca (“chest, box”), arceō (“I defend”), arcānus (“hidden, secret”), arcera (“covered carriage for sick people”), Old Armenian արգել (argel, “obstacle”) and Ancient Greek ἀρκέω (arkéō, “I ward off, fend off”), Persian ارگ (arg, “citadel”)

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈarks]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈarks]

arx f (genitive arcis); third declension

1. stronghold, castle, citadel, fortress, acropolis
   • Vergil, Aeneid, 2.56:

     ... Trōiaque, nunc stārēs, Priamīque arx alta, manērēs.

     ... and Troy, you would now be standing, and Priam's mighty citadel still endure.

   1. (figuratively) defence, protection, refuge, bulwark
   2. tyranny (with arx as the abode of tyrants)
2. (metonymic) height, summit, pinnacle, top, peak (since castles were often built on heights)
   • 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 1.72:

     venit in hōc illa fulmen ab arce caput.

     It fell on this head [of mine], a thunderbolt from that height.
     (Jupiter (mythology) hurled thunderbolts from heaven, whereas the Emperor Augustus, living atop the Palatine Hill, had sentenced Ovid to exile.)

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

• “arx”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “arx”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "arx", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• arx in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “arx”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “arx”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929) Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
• “arx”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• arx, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011