asagúsi

Old Irish

Etymology

From ess- + Proto-Celtic *guseti (compare do·goa), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-. The prefix is often replaced with ad-.

The derivation is very complicated. The following account of how the -si suffix appeared in Old Irish is implied by KPV:[1]

  • The expected present forms would include asa·gú throughout the singular. This made all three persons in the singular identical in form (a situation unusual in Old Irish verbs), leading to multiple strategies arising to distinguish the third-person singular from the other persons. This included adding notae augentes particles to the end of the conjugated verb (like -si), and forming a new weak A II denominative verb from a hypothetical *-tis noun relative *gustis. The two strategies would hybridize to create the weak present as(a)·gúsi.
  • The future forms are analogical after gníid (“to do”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /asaˈɡuːsʲi/

Verb

asa·gúsi (verbal noun aicsu)

  1. to desire, wish
  2. to choose, select
  3. to prefer

For quotations using this term, see Citations:asagúsi.

Conjugation

Complex, class A II present, reduplicated preterite, a future, a subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative deut. ad·gúisiu, asa·gússim ad·gúsi, asa·gúsi assa·gússem assa·gúiset, ad·gúset
prot.
imperfect indicative deut. ad·gústis
prot.
preterite deut. ata·gegai (with infixed pronoun da-); at·gege (with infixed pronoun d-)
prot.
perfect deut. as·ruguset
prot.
future deut.
prot.
conditional deut. at·gegainn (with infixed pronoun d-) at·gegmais (with infixed pronoun d-)
prot.
present subjunctive deut. asa·gú ad·goa assa·gúsea; ad·gó, ad·gúa; at·gó (with infixed pronoun d-) as·ggustae
prot.
past subjunctive deut.
prot.
imperative
verbal noun aicsu
past participle ecguiste
verbal of necessity

Mutation

Mutation of asa·gúsi
radical lenition nasalization
asa·gúsi asa·gúsi
pronounced with /ɣ-/		 asa·ngúsi

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 356-361

Further reading

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