bahasa baku

Indonesian

Etymology

Compound of bahasa (“language”) +‎ baku (“standard”), calque of Dutch standaardtaal (“standard language”).

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /baˌhasa ˈbaku/ [baˌha.sa ˈba.ku]
  • Rhymes: -aku
  • Syllabification: ba‧ha‧sa ba‧ku

Noun

bahasa baku (plural bahasa-bahasa baku, first-person possessive bahasa bakuku, second-person possessive bahasa bakumu, third-person possessive bahasa bakunya)

  1. (sociolinguistics) standard language: A form of a language that is institutionally promoted, regarded as the most "correct" or neutral variety; used by a population for public and formal purposes
    Synonyms: bahasa standar, ragam baku, ragam formal
    Antonyms: bahasa percakapan, bahasa vernakular
    Bahasa baku itu dianggap lebih baik daripada ragam bahasa yang lain.[1]
    It is assumed that the standard register is better than other language varieties.
    Bahasa baku mendukung empat fungsi.[2]
    Standard language supports four functions.
    Nadin menjelaskan bahwa dirinya kerap menggunakan bahasa baku dalam berbicara sehari-hari.[3]
    Nadin said that she usually uses the standard register in her day-to-day speech.

Usage notes

  • The term does not seem to include colloquialisms. It is often translated as "standard language".

References

  1. ^ Khaidir Anwar (1990) Fungsi dan peranan bahasa sebuah pengantar (in Indonesian), Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, →ISBN
  2. ^ Anton M. Moeliono, Soenjono Dardjowidjojo, editor (1988), Tata bahasa baku bahasa Indonesia (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN
  3. ^ Putri Octapia Saragih (13 January 2021) “Dicap Sok Indie, Nadin Amizah: Lebih Baik Dibilang Sok Cantik Daripada Sok Indie”, in INDOZONE.ID‎[1], Indozone Media Indonesia, retrieved 8 February 2021

Further reading

Malay

Etymology

Compound of bahasa (“language”) +‎ baku (“standard”).

Pronunciation

  • (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): [ba.ha.sə ba.ku]
  • (Baku) IPA(key): [ba.ha.sa ba.ku]

Noun

bahasa baku (Jawi spelling بهاس باکو)

  1. The form of a language that is often seen as correct in all aspects; standard language.
    Synonym: bahasa standard
  2. The standard form of the Malay or Malaysian language.
  3. (informal) The artificial standardized accent of Malay where every letter has only one phonetic value as opposed to representing a phoneme which has various allophonic realizations (e.g. ⟨k⟩ is only pronounced as [k] as opposed to as [k] syllable-initially and as [ʔ] syllable-finally).
    Synonym: sebutan baku
    Dalam bahasa baku, "biologi" disebut "bi-o-lo-gi", bukan "bai-o-lo-ji".
    In bahasa baku, "biologi" is pronounced "bi-o-lo-gi", not "bai-o-lo-ji".

See also

  • beka Melayu (purist form of the Malay language)

Further reading

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