començar
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Central) [ku.mənˈsa]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [ko.mənˈsa]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [ko.menˈsaɾ]
Audio: (file)
Verb
començar (first-person singular present començo, first-person singular preterite comencí, past participle començat); root stress: (Central, Balearic) /ɛ/; (Valencia) /e/
- (transitive) to begin, to start something
- han començat les obres ― they started the works
- (intransitive) to begin, to start happening something
- quan comença la festa ― when the party start
- to begin, to start doing [with a (+ infinitive)]
- quan comenci a xerrar ― when he/she begins to talk
- (impersonal) to begin, to start happening [with a (+ infinitive)]
- ha començat a ploure ― it started raining
Conjugation
Conjugation of començar (first conjugation, ç-c alternation)
Derived terms
- començ
- començador
- començall
- començament
- començant
Further reading
- “començar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
- “començar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
- “començar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “començar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Occitan
Alternative forms
- coumençar (Mistralian spelling)
Etymology
From Old Occitan començar, comensar, from Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre.
Pronunciation
Audio (Béarn): (file)
Verb
començar
Conjugation
Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | començar | aver començat | |||||
| gerund | començant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | començat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | comenci | començas | comença | començam | començatz | començan | |
| imperfect | començavi | començavas | començava | començàvem | començàvetz | començavan | |
| preterite | comencèri | comencères | comencèt | comencèrem | comencèretz | comencèron | |
| future | començarai | començaràs | començarà | començarem | començaretz | començaràn | |
| conditional | començariái | començariás | començariá | començariam | començariatz | començarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | comencèra | comencèras | comencèra | comenceram | comenceratz | comencèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | comence | comences | comence | comencem | comencetz | comencen | |
| imperfect | comencèssi | comencèsses | comencèsse | comencèssem | comencèssetz | comencèsson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| comença | comencem | començatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Auvernhàs
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | començar | aver començat | |||||
| gerund | començant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | començat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | comence | comences | comença | començam | començatz | començon | |
| imperfect | començave | començaves | començava | començaviam | començaviatz | començavon | |
| preterite | comencere | comenceres | comencet | comencem | comencetz | comenceron | |
| future | començarai | començaràs | començará | començarem | començaretz | començarán | |
| conditional | començariá | començariás | començariá | començariam | començariatz | començarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | comencèra | comencèras | comencèra | comenceram | comenceratz | comencèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | comence | comences | comence | començassiam | començassiatz | començon | |
| imperfect | comencesse | comencesses | comencesse | comencessiam | comencessiatz | comencesson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| comença | començassiam | començatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Gascon
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | començar | aver començat | |||||
| gerund | començant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | començat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | comenci | començas | comença | començam | començatz | començan | |
| imperfect | començavi | començavas | començava | començàvam | començàvatz | començavan | |
| preterite | comencèi | comencès | comencè | comencèm | comencètz | comencèn | |
| future | començarèi | començaràs | començarà | començaram | començaratz | començaràn | |
| conditional | començarí | començarés | començaré | començarem | començaretz | començarén | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | comencèra | comencèras | comencèra | comenceram | comenceratz | comencèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | comenci | comences | comence | comencem | comencetz | comencen | |
| imperfect | comencèssi | comencèsses | comencèsse | comencèssem | comencèssetz | comencèssen | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| comença | comencem | començatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Lemosin
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | començar | aver començat | |||||
| gerund | començant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | començat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | comence | començas | comença | començam | començatz | començan | |
| imperfect | començava | començavas | començava | començàvam | començàvatz | començavan | |
| preterite | comencei | comenceras | comencet | comencèram | comencèratz | comenceran | |
| future | començarai | començaràs | començará | començarem | començaretz | començarán | |
| conditional | començariá | començariàs | començariá | començariam | començariatz | començarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | comencèra | comencèras | comencèra | comenceram | comenceratz | comencèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | comence | comences | comence | comencem | comencetz | comencen | |
| imperfect | comencèsse | comencèsses | comencèsse | comencèssem | comencèssetz | comencèssen | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| comença | comencem | començatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Provençau
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | començar | aver començat | |||||
| gerund | començant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | començat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | comence | comences | comença | començam | començatz | començan | |
| imperfect | començavi | començavas | començava | començàvem | començàvetz | començavan | |
| preterite | comencère | comencères | comencèt | comenceriam | comenceriatz | comencèron | |
| future | començarai | començaràs | començarà | començarem | començaretz | començaràn | |
| conditional | començariáu | començariás | començariá | començariam | començariatz | començarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | comencèra | comencèras | comencèra | comenceram | comenceratz | comencèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | comence | comences | comence | comencem | comencetz | començan | |
| imperfect | comencèsse | comencèsses | comencèsse | comencessiam | comencessiatz | comencèsson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| comença | comencem | començatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Old Occitan
Verb
començar
- alternative form of comensar
Descendants
- Occitan: començar