cystal

Welsh

Etymology

From earlier cystadl (“of equal status”), from cy- +‎ ystadl (“position, status”), from Proto-Celtic *stādlom (“standpoint, stead”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).

Compare distadl (“insignificant, worthless”).

Pronunciation

  • (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈkəsdal/, [ˈkʰəstal]
  • (South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈkəsdal/, [ˈkʰəstal]
    • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈkɪsdal/, [ˈkʰɪstal], /ˈkɪsdɛl/, [ˈkʰɪstɛl]

Adjective

cystal

  1. equative degree of da (“good”)

Usage notes

  • Despite being an adjective, cystal (as it is equative) is not connected to a form of bod by yn.
    Ydych chi gystal â Siân
    You're as good as Siân

See also

Mutation

Mutated forms of cystal
radical soft nasal aspirate
cystal gystal nghystal chystal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cystal”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  • Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 354-5
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