déag

See also: deag

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Irish déc, from Old Irish deec, deac,[2] from Proto-Celtic *dekam-kʷe (literally “and ten”), with loss of the first k by dissimilation.[3] Cognate with Scottish Gaelic deug and Manx jeig.

Pronunciation

Numeral

déag

  1. -teen

Usage notes

  • Does not function as a suffix; functions as an entirely separate word. Follows the first part of the numeral as well as the noun (if any). Lenites in disjunctive numbers after dó (“two”) and in attributive numerals when the item counted is in the singular and ends in a vowel or is in the plural and ends in a slender consonant (except cinn):
‎ocht (“eight”) + ‎déag → ‎ocht déag (“eighteen”)
aon bhuachaill déag ― eleven boys
trí cinn déag ― thirteen (items)
ceithre úll déag ― fourteen apples
cúigear déag ― fifteen (people)
sé bhád déag ― sixteen boats
seacht dteach déag ― seventeen houses
naoi mbliana déag ― nineteen years
But:
‎dó (“two”) + ‎déag → ‎dó dhéag (“twelve”)
dhá ghiota dhéag ― twelve pieces
trí mhadra dhéag ― thirteen dogs
ceithre méadair dhéag ― fourteen metres
Additionally, never lenites in ordinal numbers:
an t-aonú lá déag ― the eleventh day
an ceathrú duine déag ― the fourteenth person
an tseachtú mí déag ― the seventeenth month

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of déag
radical lenition eclipsis
déag dhéag ndéag

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ “déag”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “deec”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Schrijver, Peter (1993) “Varia IV. OIr. dëec, dëac”, in Ériu, volume 44, pages 181–84
  4. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 80
  5. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 448, page 144

Further reading

  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927) “déag”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 313; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “déag”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
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