descendo

Latin

Etymology

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [deːsˈkɛn.doː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [d̪eʃˈʃɛn̪.d̪o]

Verb

dēscendō (present infinitive dēscendere, perfect active dēscendī, supine dēscēnsum); third conjugation

to climb down, to go or come down, to descend
Synonym: dēcurrō

Antonyms: ascendō, īnscendō, cōnscendō, escendō, ēnītor, scandō, superscandō, subeō, ērēpō
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.490–491:
  “[...] mūgīre vidēbis / sub pedibus terram, et dēscendere montibus ornōs.”
  “[The magic of the enchantress:] You’ll see: [she’ll cause] the earth to rumble under your feet, and ash trees to come down from the mountains.”
to march down
to pierce, to penetrate
to slope down (said of mountains)
to sink (said of the voice)
to lower oneself, to stoop

Conjugation

Conjugation of dēscendō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	dēscendō	dēscendis		dēscendit	dēscendimus	dēscenditis		dēscendunt
	imperfect	dēscendēbam	dēscendēbās		dēscendēbat	dēscendēbāmus	dēscendēbātis		dēscendēbant
	future	dēscendam	dēscendēs		dēscendet	dēscendēmus	dēscendētis		dēscendent
	perfect	dēscendī	dēscendistī		dēscendit	dēscendimus	dēscendistis		dēscendērunt, dēscendēre
	pluperfect	dēscenderam	dēscenderās		dēscenderat	dēscenderāmus	dēscenderātis		dēscenderant
	future perfect	dēscenderō	dēscenderis		dēscenderit	dēscenderimus	dēscenderitis		dēscenderint
passive	present	dēscendor	dēscenderis, dēscendere		dēscenditur	dēscendimur	dēscendiminī		dēscenduntur
	imperfect	dēscendēbar	dēscendēbāris, dēscendēbāre		dēscendēbātur	dēscendēbāmur	dēscendēbāminī		dēscendēbantur
	future	dēscendar	dēscendēris, dēscendēre		dēscendētur	dēscendēmur	dēscendēminī		dēscendentur
	perfect	dēscēnsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	dēscēnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	dēscēnsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	dēscendam	dēscendās		dēscendat	dēscendāmus	dēscendātis		dēscendant
	imperfect	dēscenderem	dēscenderēs		dēscenderet	dēscenderēmus	dēscenderētis		dēscenderent
	perfect	dēscenderim	dēscenderīs		dēscenderit	dēscenderīmus	dēscenderītis		dēscenderint
	pluperfect	dēscendissem	dēscendissēs		dēscendisset	dēscendissēmus	dēscendissētis		dēscendissent
passive	present	dēscendar	dēscendāris, dēscendāre		dēscendātur	dēscendāmur	dēscendāminī		dēscendantur
	imperfect	dēscenderer	dēscenderēris, dēscenderēre		dēscenderētur	dēscenderēmur	dēscenderēminī		dēscenderentur
	perfect	dēscēnsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	dēscēnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	dēscende		—	—	dēscendite		—
active	future	—	dēscenditō		dēscenditō	—	dēscenditōte		dēscenduntō
passive	present	—	dēscendere		—	—	dēscendiminī		—
passive	future	—	dēscenditor		dēscenditor	—	—		dēscenduntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		dēscendere		dēscendī		dēscendēns		—
future		dēscēnsūrum esse		dēscēnsum īrī		dēscēnsūrus		dēscendendus, dēscendundus
perfect		dēscendisse		dēscēnsum esse		—		dēscēnsus
future perfect		—		dēscēnsum fore		—		—
perfect potential		dēscēnsūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		dēscendendī	dēscendendō		dēscendendum	dēscendendō	dēscēnsum		dēscēnsū

Related terms

Descendants

Dalmatian: dessendro
Esperanto: descendi
Italian: discendere, scendere
Old French: descendre
- Middle French: descendre
  - French: descendre
- Jersey Norman: d'scendre
- → Middle English: descenden
  - English: descend
Old Occitan: deissendre
>? Old Galician-Portuguese: decer, deçer
- Galician: decer
- Portuguese: descer
>? Old Spanish: deçir
Piedmontese: dissende
Romanian: deștinde, deștinge
Sicilian: scìnniri
Venetan: desénder
→ Proto-Brythonic: *diskɨnnɨd (see there for further descendants)
→ Catalan: descendir
→ Occitan: descénder
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: decender
- Portuguese: descender
→ Romanian: descinde
→ Spanish: descender

References

“descendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“descendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
descendo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to dismount: descendere ex equo
- to be reduced to one's last resource: ad extremum auxilium descendere
- to consent to..., lend oneself to..: descendere ad aliquid, ad omnia (vid. sect. V. 9, note Similarly descendere...)
- to have recourse to extreme measures: descendere ad extrema consilia (Fam. 10. 33. 4)
- what he said made a deep impression on..: hoc verbum alte descendit in pectus alicuius
- to descend to the world below: ad inferos descendere
- to have recourse to force of arms: ad vim et arma descendere (vid. sect. V. 9, note Similarly...)
- to engage in the fight: in certamen descendere
- to enter the field of battle: in aciem descendere (Liv. 8. 8)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /deˈsẽ.du/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /deˈsẽ.do/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /dɨʃˈsẽ.du/, /dɨˈʃẽ.du/

Verb

descendo

gerund of descer

Verb

descendo

first-person singular present indicative of descender