erguir
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Spanish erzer, from Vulgar Latin *ergere, from Latin ērigere. The modern Spanish verb was rebuilt based on the conjugation yergo (“I raise”) (< Vulgar Latin *ergō), hence the other inflexions all having /ɡ/ rather than /θ/. Compare Portuguese erguer, which was also rebuilt in the same fashion. Doublet of erigir, which was borrowed from Latin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eɾˈɡiɾ/ [eɾˈɣ̞iɾ]
- Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: er‧guir
Verb
erguir (first-person singular present irgo or yergo, first-person singular preterite erguí, past participle erguido)
- (transitive, rare) to elevate, lift up, erect
- (reflexive) to tower over, stand
Conjugation
Conjugation of erguir (irregular; e-i alternation or e-ye-i alternation; g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
Selected combined forms of erguir (irregular; e-i alternation or e-ye-i alternation; g-gu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive erguir | dative | erguirme | erguirte | erguirle, erguirse | erguirnos | erguiros | erguirles, erguirse |
| accusative | erguirme | erguirte | erguirlo, erguirla, erguirse | erguirnos | erguiros | erguirlos, erguirlas, erguirse | |
| with gerund irguiendo | dative | irguiéndome | irguiéndote | irguiéndole, irguiéndose | irguiéndonos | irguiéndoos | irguiéndoles, irguiéndose |
| accusative | irguiéndome | irguiéndote | irguiéndolo, irguiéndola, irguiéndose | irguiéndonos | irguiéndoos | irguiéndolos, irguiéndolas, irguiéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative irgue, yergue | dative | írgueme, yérgueme | írguete, yérguete | írguele, yérguele | írguenos, yérguenos | not used | írgueles, yérgueles |
| accusative | írgueme, yérgueme | írguete, yérguete | írguelo, yérguelo, írguela, yérguela | írguenos, yérguenos | not used | írguelos, yérguelos, írguelas, yérguelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative erguí | dative | erguime | erguite | erguile | erguinos | not used | erguiles |
| accusative | erguime | erguite | erguilo, erguila | erguinos | not used | erguilos, erguilas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative irga, yerga | dative | írgame, yérgame | not used | írgale, yérgale, írgase, yérgase | írganos, yérganos | not used | írgales, yérgales |
| accusative | írgame, yérgame | not used | írgalo, yérgalo, írgala, yérgala, írgase, yérgase | írganos, yérganos | not used | írgalos, yérgalos, írgalas, yérgalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative irgamos, yergamos | dative | not used | irgámoste, yergámoste | irgámosle, yergámosle | irgámonos, yergámonos | irgámoos, yergámoos | irgámosles, yergámosles |
| accusative | not used | irgámoste, yergámoste | irgámoslo, yergámoslo, irgámosla, yergámosla | irgámonos, yergámonos | irgámoos, yergámoos | irgámoslos, yergámoslos, irgámoslas, yergámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative erguid | dative | erguidme | not used | erguidle | erguidnos | erguíos | erguidles |
| accusative | erguidme | not used | erguidlo, erguidla | erguidnos | erguíos | erguidlos, erguidlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative irgan, yergan | dative | írganme, yérganme | not used | írganle, yérganle | írgannos, yérgannos | not used | írganles, yérganles, írganse, yérganse |
| accusative | írganme, yérganme | not used | írganlo, yérganlo, írganla, yérganla | írgannos, yérgannos | not used | írganlos, yérganlos, írganlas, yérganlas, írganse, yérganse | |
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “erguir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 655
Further reading
- “erguir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024