estofar
Catalan
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From estofa + -ar, if not directly from Old French estoffer (“to decorate”).
Verb
estofar (first-person singular present estofo, first-person singular preterite estofí, past participle estofat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/(transitive)
- (art) to apply gesso to wood before gilding
- (art) to apply tempura to gilding to create the appearance of brocaded fabric
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Inherited from Old Catalan estubar (“to steam”), from Vulgar Latin *extūpare. Perhaps influenced in form by Italian stufare.
Verb
estofar (first-person singular present estofo, first-person singular preterite estofí, past participle estofat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/
- (transitive) to stew
Derived terms
Conjugation
| infinitive | estofar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | estofant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | estofat | estofada | |||||
| plural | estofats | estofades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | estofo | estofes | estofa | estofem | estofeu | estofen | |
| imperfect | estofava | estofaves | estofava | estofàvem | estofàveu | estofaven | |
| future | estofaré | estofaràs | estofarà | estofarem | estofareu | estofaran | |
| preterite | estofí | estofares | estofà | estofàrem | estofàreu | estofaren | |
| conditional | estofaria | estofaries | estofaria | estofaríem | estofaríeu | estofarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | estofi | estofis | estofi | estofem | estofeu | estofin | |
| imperfect | estofés | estofessis | estofés | estoféssim | estoféssiu | estofessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | estofa | estofi | estofem | estofeu | estofin | |
| negative (no) | — | no estofis | no estofi | no estofem | no estofeu | no estofin | |
Further reading
- “estofar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
Occitan
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Verb
estofar
- to choke (prevent breathing)
Conjugation
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | estofar | aver estofat | |||||
| gerund | estofant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | estofat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | estofi | estofas | estofa | estofam | estofatz | estofan | |
| imperfect | estofavi | estofavas | estofava | estofàvem | estofàvetz | estofavan | |
| preterite | estofèri | estofères | estofèt | estofèrem | estofèretz | estofèron | |
| future | estofarai | estofaràs | estofarà | estofarem | estofaretz | estofaràn | |
| conditional | estofariái | estofariás | estofariá | estofariam | estofariatz | estofarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | estofèra | estofèras | estofèra | estoferam | estoferatz | estofèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | estofe | estofes | estofe | estofem | estofetz | estofen | |
| imperfect | estofèssi | estofèsses | estofèsse | estofèssem | estofèssetz | estofèsson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| estofa | estofem | estofatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | estofar | aver estofat | |||||
| gerund | estofant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | estofat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | estofe | estofes | estofa | estofam | estofatz | estofon | |
| imperfect | estofave | estofaves | estofava | estofaviam | estofaviatz | estofavon | |
| preterite | estofere | estoferes | estofet | estofem | estofetz | estoferon | |
| future | estofarai | estofaràs | estofará | estofarem | estofaretz | estofarán | |
| conditional | estofariá | estofariás | estofariá | estofariam | estofariatz | estofarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | estofèra | estofèras | estofèra | estoferam | estoferatz | estofèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | estofe | estofes | estofe | estofassiam | estofassiatz | estofon | |
| imperfect | estofesse | estofesses | estofesse | estofessiam | estofessiatz | estofesson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| estofa | estofassiam | estofatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | estofar | aver estofat | |||||
| gerund | estofant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | estofat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | estofi | estofas | estofa | estofam | estofatz | estofan | |
| imperfect | estofavi | estofavas | estofava | estofàvam | estofàvatz | estofavan | |
| preterite | estofèi | estofès | estofè | estofèm | estofètz | estofèn | |
| future | estofarèi | estofaràs | estofarà | estofaram | estofaratz | estofaràn | |
| conditional | estofarí | estofarés | estofaré | estofarem | estofaretz | estofarén | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | estofèra | estofèras | estofèra | estoferam | estoferatz | estofèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | estofi | estofes | estofe | estofem | estofetz | estofen | |
| imperfect | estofèssi | estofèsses | estofèsse | estofèssem | estofèssetz | estofèssen | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| estofa | estofem | estofatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | estofar | aver estofat | |||||
| gerund | estofant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | estofat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | estofe | estofas | estofa | estofam | estofatz | estofan | |
| imperfect | estofava | estofavas | estofava | estofàvam | estofàvatz | estofavan | |
| preterite | estofei | estoferas | estofet | estofèram | estofèratz | estoferan | |
| future | estofarai | estofaràs | estofará | estofarem | estofaretz | estofarán | |
| conditional | estofariá | estofariàs | estofariá | estofariam | estofariatz | estofarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | estofèra | estofèras | estofèra | estoferam | estoferatz | estofèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | estofe | estofes | estofe | estofem | estofetz | estofen | |
| imperfect | estofèsse | estofèsses | estofèsse | estofèssem | estofèssetz | estofèssen | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| estofa | estofem | estofatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | estofar | aver estofat | |||||
| gerund | estofant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | estofat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | estofe | estofes | estofa | estofam | estofatz | estofan | |
| imperfect | estofavi | estofavas | estofava | estofàvem | estofàvetz | estofavan | |
| preterite | estofère | estofères | estofèt | estoferiam | estoferiatz | estofèron | |
| future | estofarai | estofaràs | estofarà | estofarem | estofaretz | estofaràn | |
| conditional | estofariáu | estofariás | estofariá | estofariam | estofariatz | estofarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | estofèra | estofèras | estofèra | estoferam | estoferatz | estofèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | estofe | estofes | estofe | estofem | estofetz | estofan | |
| imperfect | estofèsse | estofèsses | estofèsse | estofessiam | estofessiatz | estofèsson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| estofa | estofem | estofatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Spanish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /estoˈfaɾ/ [es.t̪oˈfaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: es‧to‧far
Verb
estofar (first-person singular present estofo, first-person singular preterite estofé, past participle estofado)
- (transitive) to stew
Conjugation
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive estofar | dative | estofarme | estofarte | estofarle, estofarse | estofarnos | estofaros | estofarles, estofarse |
| accusative | estofarme | estofarte | estofarlo, estofarla, estofarse | estofarnos | estofaros | estofarlos, estofarlas, estofarse | |
| with gerund estofando | dative | estofándome | estofándote | estofándole, estofándose | estofándonos | estofándoos | estofándoles, estofándose |
| accusative | estofándome | estofándote | estofándolo, estofándola, estofándose | estofándonos | estofándoos | estofándolos, estofándolas, estofándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative estofa | dative | estófame | estófate | estófale | estófanos | not used | estófales |
| accusative | estófame | estófate | estófalo, estófala | estófanos | not used | estófalos, estófalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative estofá | dative | estofame | estofate | estofale | estofanos | not used | estofales |
| accusative | estofame | estofate | estofalo, estofala | estofanos | not used | estofalos, estofalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative estofe | dative | estófeme | not used | estófele, estófese | estófenos | not used | estófeles |
| accusative | estófeme | not used | estófelo, estófela, estófese | estófenos | not used | estófelos, estófelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative estofemos | dative | not used | estofémoste | estofémosle | estofémonos | estofémoos | estofémosles |
| accusative | not used | estofémoste | estofémoslo, estofémosla | estofémonos | estofémoos | estofémoslos, estofémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative estofad | dative | estofadme | not used | estofadle | estofadnos | estofaos | estofadles |
| accusative | estofadme | not used | estofadlo, estofadla | estofadnos | estofaos | estofadlos, estofadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative estofen | dative | estófenme | not used | estófenle | estófennos | not used | estófenles, estófense |
| accusative | estófenme | not used | estófenlo, estófenla | estófennos | not used | estófenlos, estófenlas, estófense | |
Further reading
- “estofar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024