et al.
English
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛtˈɔːl/, /ɛtˈɑːl/, /eɪˈtɑːl/, /ɛtˈæl/
- Rhymes: -ɔːl, -ɑːl, -æl
Audio (US): (file)
Etymology 1
From Latin, abbreviation of et aliī (“and others”) (English: et alii) and its forms and derivatives.
Phrase
et al.
- And others; to complete a list, especially of persons, as authors of a published work.
Usage notes
Formally preferred by some over etc. for lists of people in all contexts, reserving etc. for lists of things (inanimate objects); the distinction is sometimes ignored in casual use, and the two abbreviations are used synonymously in many contexts for completing lists except in very careful or formal use. However, in lists of authors of a published work, et al. is still regularly used.[1]
Derived terms
Related terms
- et alia (“and others”) (used of things; neuter plural)
- et aliae (“and others”) (used of females; feminine plural)
- et alibi (“and elsewhere”)
- et alii (“and others”) (used of males, or groups of mixed gender; masculine plural)
- et alios (“and others”) (used of people, unless exclusively of female gender)
- etc. / &c. (“et cetera, and the rest”)
- et ux. (“et uxor, and wife”)
Translations
and others
|
See also
Etymology 2
From Latin, abbreviation of and other places (English: et alibi).
Phrase
- And elsewhere; to complete a list of places.
Related terms
References
- ^ “et al., abbreviation”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Anagrams
Danish
Phrase
- et al.; used to complete a list of authors
See also
- oa.
Latin
Adverb
et al. (not comparable)
- abbreviation of et aliī (“and others”, masculine plural)
- abbreviation of et aliae (“and others”, feminine plural)
- abbreviation of et alia (“and others”, neuter plural)
- abbreviation of et alibī (“and other occurrences”)
Usage notes
- Mixed-gender groups would use et aliī.
Portuguese
Phrase
- et al. (and others)