excido

Latin

FWOTD – 4 October 2014

Etymology 1

From ex- +‎ cadō (“fall”).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Verb

excidō (present infinitive excidere, perfect active excidī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

  2. to fall out, from or down, tumble to the ground, collapse, break down, drop
    Sī quandō in puerīs ante alter dēns nāscitur quam prior excidat, is quī cadere dēbuit ēvellendus est.
    If ever in children a second tooth appears before the earlier one has fallen out, the one which ought to have fallen out must be uprooted.
  3. to fall out or from involuntarily, slip out, escape
  4. to differ from someone's opinion, disagree with, dissent
  5. to be lost or forgotten, pass away, perish, disappear
    • 1st c. BC, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum:
      Perterriti voce et vultu confessi sunt [litteras] se accepisse sed excidisse in via.
      With a terrified voice and face they confessed that they did receive the letter but lost them on the road.
  6. to lose oneself, fail; faint, swoon
  7. to slip out, away or escape from memory, i.e. forget
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.25–26:
      necdum etiam causae īrārum saevīque dolōrēs exciderant animō.
      Nor even now had the causes of [Juno’s] anger and bitter sorrows slipped from her mind.
  8. (with ablative) to be deprived of, miss, fail to obtain, forfeit, lose
Conjugation
   Conjugation of excidō (third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excidō excidis excidit excidimus exciditis excidunt
imperfect excidēbam excidēbās excidēbat excidēbāmus excidēbātis excidēbant
future excidam excidēs excidet excidēmus excidētis excident
perfect excidī excidistī excidit excidimus excidistis excidērunt,
excidēre
pluperfect excideram exciderās exciderat exciderāmus exciderātis exciderant
future perfect exciderō excideris exciderit exciderimus excideritis exciderint
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excidam excidās excidat excidāmus excidātis excidant
imperfect exciderem exciderēs excideret exciderēmus exciderētis exciderent
perfect exciderim exciderīs exciderit exciderīmus exciderītis exciderint
pluperfect excidissem excidissēs excidisset excidissēmus excidissētis excidissent
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — excide — — excidite —
future — exciditō exciditō — exciditōte exciduntō
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present excidere — excidēns —
perfect excidisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
excidendī excidendō excidendum excidendō — —

Etymology 2

From ex- +‎ caedō (“cut; strike”).

Pronunciation

Verb

excīdō (present infinitive excīdere, perfect active excīdī, supine excīsum); third conjugation

  2. to cut or hew out, off, or down
    excīdō virīlitātem ― I castrate, geld
    Adeō fortis erat ut arborēs pugnō excīderet.
    He was so strong that he could cut down trees with his fist.
  3. to raze, demolish, lay waste, destroy
  4. (figuratively) to extirpate, remove, banish
  5. (in a quarry) to cut out, hollow out, excavate
Conjugation
   Conjugation of excīdō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excīdō excīdis excīdit excīdimus excīditis excīdunt
imperfect excīdēbam excīdēbās excīdēbat excīdēbāmus excīdēbātis excīdēbant
future excīdam excīdēs excīdet excīdēmus excīdētis excīdent
perfect excīdī excīdistī excīdit excīdimus excīdistis excīdērunt,
excīdēre
pluperfect excīderam excīderās excīderat excīderāmus excīderātis excīderant
future perfect excīderō excīderis excīderit excīderimus excīderitis excīderint
passive present excīdor excīderis,
excīdere 		excīditur excīdimur excīdiminī excīduntur
imperfect excīdēbar excīdēbāris,
excīdēbāre 		excīdēbātur excīdēbāmur excīdēbāminī excīdēbantur
future excīdar excīdēris,
excīdēre 		excīdētur excīdēmur excīdēminī excīdentur
perfect excīsus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect excīsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect excīsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excīdam excīdās excīdat excīdāmus excīdātis excīdant
imperfect excīderem excīderēs excīderet excīderēmus excīderētis excīderent
perfect excīderim excīderīs excīderit excīderīmus excīderītis excīderint
pluperfect excīdissem excīdissēs excīdisset excīdissēmus excīdissētis excīdissent
passive present excīdar excīdāris,
excīdāre 		excīdātur excīdāmur excīdāminī excīdantur
imperfect excīderer excīderēris,
excīderēre 		excīderētur excīderēmur excīderēminī excīderentur
perfect excīsus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect excīsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — excīde — — excīdite —
future — excīditō excīditō — excīditōte excīduntō
passive present — excīdere — — excīdiminī —
future — excīditor excīditor — — excīduntor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present excīdere excīdī excīdēns —
future excīsūrum esse excīsum īrī excīsūrus excīdendus,
excīdundus
perfect excīdisse excīsum esse — excīsus
future perfect — excīsum fore — —
perfect potential excīsūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
excīdendī excīdendō excīdendum excīdendō excīsum excīsū
Derived terms
Descendants
  • → English: excide, excise
  • → French: exciser

References

  • “excido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “excido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory: aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo
    • the recollection of a thing has been entirely lost: memoria alicuius rei excidit, abiit, abolevit
    • no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
  • excido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “excidentia, excidere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 388/1
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