fiach

See also: fíach

Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Irish fïach,[3] from Proto-Celtic *wesākos.[4] Cognate with Welsh gwyach (“grebe”).

Noun

fiach m (genitive singular fiaigh or féich, nominative plural fiacha)

  1. raven
    Synonyms: Dónall dubh, fiach dubh
Declension
Declension of fiach (first declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative fiach fiacha
vocative a fhiaigh a fhiacha
genitive fiaigh fiach
dative fiach fiacha
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an fiach na fiacha
genitive an fhiaigh na bhfiach
dative leis an bhfiach
don fhiach 		leis na fiacha
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Irish fíach (“debt”).[5]

Noun

fiach m (genitive singular féich, nominative plural fiacha)

  1. (usually in the plural) debt
    Synonym: fiachas
Declension
Declension of fiach (first declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative fiach fiacha
vocative a fhéich a fhiacha
genitive féich fiach
dative fiach fiacha
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an fiach na fiacha
genitive an fhéich na bhfiach
dative leis an bhfiach
don fhiach 		leis na fiacha
Derived terms
  • bailiú fiach (“debt collection”)
  • comhdhlúthú fiach (“debt consolidation”)
  • d’fhiacha (“incumbent”)
  • fiach fadtéarmach (“long-term debt”)
  • fiach náisiúnta (“national debt”)
  • maoiniú fiach (“debt financing”)
  • státfhiach (“state debt”)

Etymology 3

From Old Irish fíadach.[6] By surface analysis, fia (“deer”) +‎ -ach. The verb is from the noun.

Alternative forms

Noun

fiach m (genitive singular fiaigh)

  1. verbal noun of fiach
  2. hunting
    Synonyms: sealgaireacht, seilg
  3. chasing
Declension
Declension of fiach (first declension, no plural)
bare forms
singular
nominative fiach
vocative a fhiaigh
genitive fiaigh
dative fiach
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative an fiach
genitive an fhiaigh
dative leis an bhfiach
don fhiach
Derived terms

Verb

fiach (present analytic fiachann, future analytic fiachfaidh, verbal noun fiach, past participle fiachta)

  1. to hunt, chase
Conjugation
conjugation of fiach (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun fiach
past participle fiachta
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present fiachaim fiachann tú;
fiachair† 		fiachann sé, sí fiachaimid fiachann sibh fiachann siad;
fiachaid† 		a fhiachann; a fhiachas /
a bhfiachann* 		fiachtar
past d'fhiach mé; d'fhiachas /
fhiach mé‡; fhiachas‡ 		d'fhiach tú; d'fhiachais /
fhiach tú; fhiachais‡ 		d'fhiach sé, sí /
fhiach sé, sí‡ 		d'fhiachamar; d'fhiach muid /
fhiachamar; fhiach muid‡ 		d'fhiach sibh; d'fhiachabhair /
fhiach sibh;
fhiachabhair‡ 		d'fhiach siad; d'fhiachadar /
fhiach siad; fhiachadar‡ 		a d'fhiach /
ar fhiach* 		fiachadh
past habitual d'fhiachainn /
fhiachainn‡; bhfiachainn‡‡ 		d'fhiachtá /
fhiachtá‡; bhfiachtᇇ 		d'fhiachadh sé, sí /
fhiachadh sé, sí‡; bhfiachadh sé, s퇇 		d'fhiachaimis; d'fhiachadh muid /
fhiachaimis; fhiachadh muid‡; bhfiachaimis‡‡; bhfiachadh muid‡‡ 		d'fhiachadh sibh /
fhiachadh sibh‡; bhfiachadh sibh‡‡ 		d'fhiachaidís; d'fhiachadh siad /
fhiachaidís; fhiachadh siad‡; bhfiachaidís‡‡; bhfiachadh siad‡‡ 		a d'fhiachadh /
a bhfiachadh* 		d'fhiachtaí /
fhiachtaí‡; bhfiachta퇇
future fiachfaidh mé;
fiachfad 		fiachfaidh tú;
fiachfair† 		fiachfaidh sé, sí fiachfaimid;
fiachfaidh muid 		fiachfaidh sibh fiachfaidh siad;
fiachfaid† 		a fhiachfaidh; a fhiachfas /
a bhfiachfaidh* 		fiachfar
conditional d'fhiachfainn / fhiachfainn‡; bhfiachfainn‡‡ d'fhiachfá / fhiachfá‡; bhfiachfᇇ d'fhiachfadh sé, sí / fhiachfadh sé, sí‡; bhfiachfadh sé, s퇇 d'fhiachfaimis; d'fhiachfadh muid / fhiachfaimis‡; fhiachfadh muid‡; bhfiachfaimis‡‡; bhfiachfadh muid‡‡ d'fhiachfadh sibh / fhiachfadh sibh‡; bhfiachfadh sibh‡‡ d'fhiachfaidís; d'fhiachfadh siad / fhiachfaidís‡; fhiachfadh siad‡; bhfiachfaidís‡‡; bhfiachfadh siad‡‡ a d'fhiachfadh /
a bhfiachfadh* 		d'fhiachfaí / fhiachfaí‡; bhfiachfa퇇
subjunctive
present go bhfiacha mé;
go bhfiachad† 		go bhfiacha tú;
go bhfiachair† 		go bhfiacha sé, sí go bhfiachaimid;
go bhfiacha muid 		go bhfiacha sibh go bhfiacha siad;
go bhfiachaid† 		— go bhfiachtar
past dá bhfiachainn dá bhfiachtá dá bhfiachadh sé, sí dá bhfiachaimis;
dá bhfiachadh muid 		dá bhfiachadh sibh dá bhfiachaidís;
dá bhfiachadh siad 		— dá bhfiachtaí
imperative
– fiachaim fiach fiachadh sé, sí fiachaimis fiachaigí;
fiachaidh† 		fiachaidís — fiachtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 4

Verb

fiach (present analytic fiachann, future analytic fiachfaidh, verbal noun fiachaint, past participle fiachta)

  1. alternative form of féach (“to look”)
Conjugation
conjugation of fiach (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun fiachaint
past participle fiachta
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present fiachaim fiachann tú;
fiachair† 		fiachann sé, sí fiachaimid fiachann sibh fiachann siad;
fiachaid† 		a fhiachann; a fhiachas /
a bhfiachann* 		fiachtar
past d'fhiach mé; d'fhiachas /
fhiach mé‡; fhiachas‡ 		d'fhiach tú; d'fhiachais /
fhiach tú; fhiachais‡ 		d'fhiach sé, sí /
fhiach sé, sí‡ 		d'fhiachamar; d'fhiach muid /
fhiachamar; fhiach muid‡ 		d'fhiach sibh; d'fhiachabhair /
fhiach sibh;
fhiachabhair‡ 		d'fhiach siad; d'fhiachadar /
fhiach siad; fhiachadar‡ 		a d'fhiach /
ar fhiach* 		fiachadh
past habitual d'fhiachainn /
fhiachainn‡; bhfiachainn‡‡ 		d'fhiachtá /
fhiachtá‡; bhfiachtᇇ 		d'fhiachadh sé, sí /
fhiachadh sé, sí‡; bhfiachadh sé, s퇇 		d'fhiachaimis; d'fhiachadh muid /
fhiachaimis; fhiachadh muid‡; bhfiachaimis‡‡; bhfiachadh muid‡‡ 		d'fhiachadh sibh /
fhiachadh sibh‡; bhfiachadh sibh‡‡ 		d'fhiachaidís; d'fhiachadh siad /
fhiachaidís; fhiachadh siad‡; bhfiachaidís‡‡; bhfiachadh siad‡‡ 		a d'fhiachadh /
a bhfiachadh* 		d'fhiachtaí /
fhiachtaí‡; bhfiachta퇇
future fiachfaidh mé;
fiachfad 		fiachfaidh tú;
fiachfair† 		fiachfaidh sé, sí fiachfaimid;
fiachfaidh muid 		fiachfaidh sibh fiachfaidh siad;
fiachfaid† 		a fhiachfaidh; a fhiachfas /
a bhfiachfaidh* 		fiachfar
conditional d'fhiachfainn / fhiachfainn‡; bhfiachfainn‡‡ d'fhiachfá / fhiachfá‡; bhfiachfᇇ d'fhiachfadh sé, sí / fhiachfadh sé, sí‡; bhfiachfadh sé, s퇇 d'fhiachfaimis; d'fhiachfadh muid / fhiachfaimis‡; fhiachfadh muid‡; bhfiachfaimis‡‡; bhfiachfadh muid‡‡ d'fhiachfadh sibh / fhiachfadh sibh‡; bhfiachfadh sibh‡‡ d'fhiachfaidís; d'fhiachfadh siad / fhiachfaidís‡; fhiachfadh siad‡; bhfiachfaidís‡‡; bhfiachfadh siad‡‡ a d'fhiachfadh /
a bhfiachfadh* 		d'fhiachfaí / fhiachfaí‡; bhfiachfa퇇
subjunctive
present go bhfiacha mé;
go bhfiachad† 		go bhfiacha tú;
go bhfiachair† 		go bhfiacha sé, sí go bhfiachaimid;
go bhfiacha muid 		go bhfiacha sibh go bhfiacha siad;
go bhfiachaid† 		— go bhfiachtar
past dá bhfiachainn dá bhfiachtá dá bhfiachadh sé, sí dá bhfiachaimis;
dá bhfiachadh muid 		dá bhfiachadh sibh dá bhfiachaidís;
dá bhfiachadh siad 		— dá bhfiachtaí
imperative
– fiachaim fiach fiachadh sé, sí fiachaimis fiachaigí;
fiachaidh† 		fiachaidís — fiachtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Mutated forms of fiach
radical lenition eclipsis
fiach fhiach bhfiach

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 110
  2. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 318, page 111
  3. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fïach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  4. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
  5. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 fíach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  6. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fíadach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *wesākos.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɸʲi.əx/, [ˈɸʲi.ax]

Noun

fïach m (nominative plural fïaich)

  1. raven
    Synonyms: bran, trogan

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative fïach fïachL fïaichL
vocative fïaich fïachL fïachuH
accusative fïachN fïachL fïachuH
genitive fïaichL fïach fïachN
dative fïuchL fïachaib fïachaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

  • Irish: fiach
  • Manx: feeagh
  • Scottish Gaelic: fitheach

Mutation

Mutation of fiach
radical lenition nasalization
fiach ḟiach fiach
pronounced with /β̃ʲ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish fíach (“debt”).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

fiach m (genitive singular fèich, plural fiachan)

  1. worth, value
    Synonym: luach
  2. debt
    Synonym: comain

Adjective

fiach

  1. worth, worthy, worthwhile
  2. valuable
    Synonyms: prìseil, luachmhor

Mutation

Mutation of fiach
radical lenition
fiach fhiach

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 fíach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  3. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “fiach”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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